J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2014 Jun 1;57(3):942-51. doi: 10.1044/2013_JSLHR-L-12-0333.
To investigate gaze behavior during communication between children with hearing impairment (HI) and normal-hearing (NH) peers.
Ten HI-NH and 10 NH-NH dyads performed a referential communication task requiring description of faces. During task performance, eye movements and speech were tracked. Using verbal event (questions, statements, back channeling, and silence) as the predictor variable, group characteristics in gaze behavior were expressed with Kaplan-Meier survival functions (estimating time to gaze-to-partner) and odds ratios (comparing number of verbal events with and without gaze-to-partner). Analyses compared the listeners in each dyad (HI: n = 10, mean age = 12;6 years, mean better ear pure-tone average = 33.0 dB HL; NH: n = 10, mean age = 13;7 years).
Log-rank tests revealed significant group differences in survival distributions for all verbal events, reflecting a higher probability of gaze to the partner's face for participants with HI. Expressed as odds ratios (OR), participants with HI displayed greater odds for gaze-to-partner (ORs ranging between 1.2 and 2.1) during all verbal events.
The results show an increased probability for listeners with HI to gaze at the speaker's face in association with verbal events. Several explanations for the finding are possible, and implications for further research are discussed.
研究听力障碍（HI）儿童与正常听力（NH）同伴交流时的注视行为。
10 对 HI-NH 和 10 对 NH-NH 对子进行了需要描述面部的参照交流任务。在任务执行过程中，跟踪了眼动和言语。使用口头事件（问题、陈述、反馈和沉默）作为预测变量，通过 Kaplan-Meier 生存函数（估计注视同伴的时间）和优势比（比较有和没有注视同伴的口头事件数量）来表示注视行为的组间特征。分析比较了每个对子中的听众（HI：n = 10，平均年龄 = 12.6 岁，平均较好耳纯音平均听力 = 33.0 dB HL；NH：n = 10，平均年龄 = 13.7 岁）。
对数秩检验显示所有口头事件的生存分布存在显著的组间差异，反映了 HI 参与者注视同伴面部的概率更高。以优势比（OR）表示，HI 参与者在所有口头事件中注视同伴的可能性更大（OR 值在 1.2 到 2.1 之间）。
结果表明，与口头事件相关，HI 听众注视说话者面部的概率增加。对于这一发现有几种可能的解释，并讨论了进一步研究的意义。
