Naclerio R M, Bartenfelder D, Proud D, Togias A G, Meyers D A, Kagey-Sobotka A, Norman P S, Lichtenstein L M
Am J Med. 1985 Dec 20;79(6A):43-7. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(85)90087-7.
A nasal challenge model of allergic rhinitis was used to determine if pretreatment with oral theophylline reduces histamine release in vivo. Ten subjects were entered into a double-blind, cross-over trial. The results showed that both the physiologic response (sneezing) (p = 0.02) and the amount of mediators (histamine, kinins, toluene sulfonyl arginine methyl ester esterase activity) (p less than 0.01 for all) released into nasal secretions were significantly reduced after one week of pretreatment with theophylline. At the time of challenge, the serum concentrations of theophylline were between 8 and 22 micrograms/ml. It is speculated that the ability of theophylline to block the clinical response to antigen challenge and to decrease the release of mast cell mediators contributes to its clinical efficacy in the treatment of asthma.
采用变应性鼻炎的鼻腔激发模型来确定口服茶碱预处理是否能在体内减少组胺释放。10名受试者参与了一项双盲交叉试验。结果显示，在接受茶碱预处理一周后，生理反应（打喷嚏）（p = 0.02）以及释放到鼻分泌物中的介质（组胺、激肽、甲苯磺酰精氨酸甲酯酯酶活性）的量（所有p均小于0.01）均显著降低。激发时，茶碱的血清浓度在8至22微克/毫升之间。推测茶碱阻断对抗原激发的临床反应以及减少肥大细胞介质释放的能力有助于其在哮喘治疗中的临床疗效。
