Kram J A, Bourne H R, Maibach H I, Melmon K L
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1975 Nov;56(5):387-92. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(75)90132-3.
In in vitro models of hypersensitivity, beta adrenergic drugs inhibit the antigen-induced release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells and basophils. Epinephrine, an agent with both beta and alpha adrenergic properties, is clinically useful for treating immediate hypersensitivity reactions. We examined the effects of intravenously administered adrenergic drugs on cutaneous wheal-and-flare reactions to antigens and histamine in 7 normal men. Both epinephrine and isoproterenol, a beta agonist, inhibited skin reactions produced by antigen or histamine. Phenylephrine, an alpha adrenergic agonist, produced no effect. These results suggest that epinephrine's inhibition of cutaneous immediate hypersensitivity in vivo is mediated by beta, rather than alpha, receptors. This inhibitory effect in vivo is probably not mediated solely in preventing allergic release of inflammatory mediators since the skin reactions to histamine were inhibited as well.
在超敏反应的体外模型中，β肾上腺素能药物可抑制抗原诱导的肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞释放组胺及其他介质。肾上腺素是一种兼具β和α肾上腺素能特性的药物，在临床上可用于治疗速发型超敏反应。我们研究了静脉注射肾上腺素能药物对7名正常男性皮肤对抗原和组胺的风团及潮红反应的影响。肾上腺素和β激动剂异丙肾上腺素均可抑制抗原或组胺引起的皮肤反应。α肾上腺素能激动剂去氧肾上腺素则无此作用。这些结果表明，肾上腺素在体内对皮肤速发型超敏反应的抑制作用是由β受体而非α受体介导的。体内这种抑制作用可能并非仅通过阻止炎症介质的过敏释放来介导，因为对组胺的皮肤反应也受到了抑制。
