Lamkin N, Lieberman P, Shereff R, Rosenberg E W, Robinson H
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1976 May;57(5):449-53. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(76)90060-9.
It has been previously demonstrated that iontophoresis of beta adrenergic agents will alter the size of immediate hypersensitivity skin tests. It was unclear whether this alteration was due to an effect on the dermal mast cell (inhibition of histamine release) or on the cutaneous vasculature (inhibition of capillary permeability). For this reason isoproterenol, propranolol, diphenhydramine as a positive control, and saline as a negative control were iontophoresed onto the forearm of 10 atopic and 10 nonatopic adult subjects. In order to bypass histamine release from mast cells the patients were then challenged directly with histamine by the "prick" technique. The size of the resultant wheals was noted. The data obtained allowed the following conclusions: (1) The atopic group responded to histamine with greater wheal size than the nonatopic group. (2) Iontophoresis of diphyenhydramine effectively reduced the magnitude of the histamine wheal in both groups. (3) Isoproterenol decreased the wheal size in both groups. (4) Propranolol increased the wheal size in only the nonatopic group. (5) The successful modulation of the histamine-induced wheal and flare indicated that these drugs, regardless of their effect on the dermal mast cell, exert a measurable effect on the target organ (vasculature).
先前已经证明，β肾上腺素能药物的离子导入会改变速发型超敏反应皮肤试验的大小。尚不清楚这种改变是由于对真皮肥大细胞的作用（抑制组胺释放）还是对皮肤血管系统的作用（抑制毛细血管通透性）。因此，将异丙肾上腺素、普萘洛尔、作为阳性对照的苯海拉明以及作为阴性对照的生理盐水离子导入10名特应性成年受试者和10名非特应性成年受试者的前臂。为了绕过肥大细胞释放组胺，然后通过“点刺”技术直接用组胺对患者进行激发。记录由此产生的风团大小。所获得的数据得出以下结论：（1）特应性组对组胺的反应比非特应性组产生更大的风团。（2）苯海拉明的离子导入有效降低了两组中组胺风团的大小。（3）异丙肾上腺素降低了两组中的风团大小。（4）普萘洛尔仅在非特应性组中增加了风团大小。（5）对组胺诱导的风团和红晕的成功调节表明，这些药物无论对真皮肥大细胞的作用如何，都对靶器官（血管系统）产生可测量的影响。
