School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2014 Jan;99:82-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.10.002. Epub 2013 Oct 28.
Reliable environmentally realistic bioassay methodologies are increasingly needed to assess the effects of environmental pollution. This study describes two estuarine sediment bioassays, one acute (96 h) and one chronic (14 d), with the New Zealand harpacticoid copepod Quinquelaophonte sp. utilising behavioural and reproductive endpoints. Spiked sediments were used to expose Quinquelaophonte sp. to three reference compounds representing important categories of estuarine chemical stressors: zinc (a metal), atrazine (a pesticide), and phenanthrene (a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon). Acute-to-chronic ratios (ACR) were used to further characterise species responses. Acute sediment (sandy and low total organic content) 96 h EC50 values for the sublethal inhibition of mobility for zinc, atrazine and phenanthrene were 137, 5.4, and 2.6 µg/g, respectively. The chronic EC50 values for inhibition of reproduction (total offspring) were 54.5, 0.0083, and 0.067 µg/g for zinc, atrazine, and phenanthrene, respectively. For phenanthrene, a potentially novel mode of action was identified on reproduction. Quinquelaophonte sp. was found to be more sensitive than several other estuarine species indicating choice of test organism is important to characterising the effects of environmentally relevant levels of contamination. The bioassay sediment results demonstrate the sensitivity and suitability of Quinquelaophonte sp. as a tool for the assessment use of estuarine health.
可靠的、符合实际环境情况的生物测定方法越来越需要用于评估环境污染的影响。本研究描述了两种河口沉积物生物测定方法，一种是急性（96 小时），另一种是慢性（14 天），使用新西兰桡足类桡足动物 Quinquelaophonte sp.，利用行为和生殖终点。用加标沉积物使 Quinquelaophonte sp.暴露于三种代表河口化学胁迫重要类别的参考化合物中：锌（一种金属）、莠去津（一种农药）和菲（一种多环芳烃）。急性到慢性比值（ACR）用于进一步描述物种反应。急性沉积物（沙质和低总有机含量）中锌、莠去津和菲对移动性的亚致死抑制的 96 小时 EC50 值分别为 137、5.4 和 2.6 µg/g。抑制繁殖（总后代）的慢性 EC50 值分别为 54.5、0.0083 和 0.067 µg/g 用于锌、莠去津和菲。对于菲，发现了一种对繁殖的潜在新型作用模式。与其他几种河口物种相比，Quinquelaophonte sp.更敏感，这表明选择测试生物对于描述环境相关污染水平的影响非常重要。生物测定沉积物结果表明，Quinquelaophonte sp.作为评估河口健康的工具具有敏感性和适用性。
