Ward Jerrold M, Treuting Piper M
1Global VetPathology, Montgomery Village, Maryland, USA.
Toxicol Pathol. 2014 Jan;42(1):148-61. doi: 10.1177/0192623313505156. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
Colon cancer is a major human malignancy that afflicts millions of people throughout the world each year. Genetics and diet play large roles in colon carcinogenesis although chemicals may also contribute. For the past 40 years, scientists have studied experimentally induced intestinal carcinogenesis in rodents in order to elucidate the etiology and mechanisms involved. Comparative histopathology has revealed many similarities of rodent and human intestinal cancers. Comparative molecular pathology has also shown genetic similarities. More recently, genetically engineered mice and inflammatory colon cancer models have been used for investigating mechanisms and potential chemopreventive and treatment modalities. This review will focus on comparative histopathology and nonclinical models.
结肠癌是一种主要的人类恶性肿瘤，每年困扰着全球数百万人。遗传学和饮食在结肠癌的发生过程中起很大作用，尽管化学物质也可能有影响。在过去40年里，科学家们一直在研究啮齿动物实验性诱导的肠道癌变，以阐明其中涉及的病因和机制。比较组织病理学揭示了啮齿动物和人类肠道癌症的许多相似之处。比较分子病理学也显示出基因上的相似性。最近，基因工程小鼠和炎症性结肠癌模型已被用于研究机制以及潜在的化学预防和治疗方式。本综述将聚焦于比较组织病理学和非临床模型。
