Ploumpidis D, Gatzonis S, Akontidis G, Politis K
1st Department of Psychiatry, Medical School.
Psychiatriki. 2013 Jul-Sep;24(3):175-84.
Established in 1887, Dromokaition is the first psychiatric hospital in Athens. Information available for the profile of patients admitted to psychiatric hospitals in Greece, especially for the first half of the 20th century, is very scarce. The aim of the study is to point out the characteristics of patients admitted and the influence of European dominant views on mental diseases in Greek psychiatry. Data for 3014 patients (20% of total number) for the period 1901-1985 were obtained via systematic sampling. The data available were: entry date, gender, age, occupation, brief medical history. The 56 diagnoses have been classified into 9 groups. We have used descriptive statistical methods, two-way associations, odds ratios and cluster analysis, permitting to point out the main characteristics of admitted patients. The preponderance of male admissions in the first decades of the 20th century has been progressively balanced out. About a half of total admissions were schizophrenia-related. The percentage of male patients was significantly higher in personality disorders; for major affective disorders and neuroses the opposite occurs. Progressive paralysis of the insane, a frequent diagnosis in the first decades of the 20th century becomes rare thereafter. In conclusion social changes, major historical events and the evolution of views on psychiatric care have left their traces in the profile of patients admitted.
德罗莫卡伊蒂翁精神病院成立于1887年，是雅典的第一家精神病医院。关于希腊精神病院收治患者的资料，尤其是20世纪上半叶的资料非常稀少。本研究的目的是指出收治患者的特征以及欧洲对精神疾病的主流观点对希腊精神病学的影响。通过系统抽样获得了1901年至1985年期间3014名患者（占总数的20%）的数据。现有数据包括：入院日期、性别、年龄、职业、简要病史。56种诊断已被分为9组。我们使用了描述性统计方法、双向关联、比值比和聚类分析，以指出收治患者的主要特征。20世纪头几十年男性入院人数占优势的情况逐渐得到平衡。总入院人数中约有一半与精神分裂症有关。人格障碍患者中男性比例显著更高；在重度情感障碍和神经症患者中情况则相反。早发性痴呆，在20世纪头几十年是一种常见诊断，此后变得罕见。总之，社会变革、重大历史事件以及精神病护理观念的演变在收治患者的资料中留下了痕迹。
