Institute for Genetics, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
J Cell Sci. 2013 Dec 1;126(Pt 23):5317-23. doi: 10.1242/jcs.134130. Epub 2013 Nov 4.
Lipids are the building blocks of cellular membranes and are synthesized at distinct parts of the cell. A precise control of lipid synthesis and distribution is crucial for cell function and survival. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the major lipid-synthesizing organelle. However, a subset of lipids is synthesized within mitochondria, and this aspect has become a focus of recent lipid research. Mitochondria form a dynamic membrane network that is reshaped by fusion and fission events. Their functionality therefore depends on a continuous lipid supply from the ER and the distribution of lipids between both mitochondrial membranes. The mechanisms of mitochondrial lipid trafficking are only now emerging and appear to involve membrane contact sites and lipid transfer proteins. In this Cell Science at a Glance article, we will discuss recent discoveries in the field of mitochondrial lipid trafficking that build on long-standing observations and shed new light on the shuttling of membrane lipids between mitochondria and other organelles.
脂质是细胞膜的结构单元，在细胞的不同部位合成。脂质合成和分布的精确控制对细胞功能和存活至关重要。内质网（ER）是主要的脂质合成细胞器。然而，一部分脂质在线粒体中合成，这方面已成为近期脂质研究的焦点。线粒体形成一个动态的膜网络，通过融合和裂变事件重塑。因此，它们的功能取决于 ER 提供的持续脂质供应以及两种线粒体膜之间脂质的分布。线粒体脂质运输的机制才刚刚开始显现，似乎涉及膜接触位点和脂质转运蛋白。在本期《细胞科学概览》文章中，我们将讨论线粒体脂质运输领域的最新发现，这些发现基于长期以来的观察结果，并为线粒体与其他细胞器之间膜脂穿梭提供了新的视角。
