Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Inflammation. 1975 Mar;1(1):41-56. doi: 10.1007/BF00918058.
Acid hydrolases of human blood leukocytes are highly lytic toStaph. albus, Staph. aureus, andStrep. faecalis. On the other hand, group A and viridans streptococci, encapsulated staphylococci, a variety of Gramnegative rods, andMyc. smegmatis are highly resistant to lysis by leukocyte extracts. The lytic effect of the leukocyte extracts can be mimicked by an artificial "cocktail" which contains crude trypsin, lysolecithin, phospholipase C, and lysozyme. This enzyme mixture is lytic to certain Gram-negative bacteria and encapsulated staphylococci which are resistant to lysis by leukocyte enzymes. Both the leukocyte lysates and the artificial cocktail are more lytic to bacteria harvested from the logarithmic phase of growth than to older cells.Staph. albus andStrep. faecalis, which are not lysed to any appreciable extent by extracts of rabbit intestines, lymphocytes, and platelets, undergo extensive lysis upon the addition of lysozyme, indicating that these cells contain preparatory prolytic agents which are activated by lysozyme. On the other hand, the lysis ofStaph. aureus by extracts of all these cells is less dependent upon lysozyme, indicating that other non-lysozyme-dependent lytic factors are involved in the lysis of this microorganism by certain tissue extracts. It is suggested that the resistance to lysis by leukocyte enzymes of bacterial cell-wall constituents may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic sequellae, and that artificial enzyme cocktails be used for in vivo treatment of certain chronic inflammatory processes induced by bacteria.
人血白细胞的酸性水解酶对白色葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和粪链球菌有高度的溶菌作用。另一方面,A 组和草绿色链球菌、有荚膜的葡萄球菌、各种革兰氏阴性杆菌和耻垢分枝杆菌对白细胞提取物的溶解具有高度抗性。白细胞提取物的溶菌作用可以通过含有粗胰蛋白酶、溶血卵磷脂、磷脂酶 C 和溶菌酶的人工“鸡尾酒”来模拟。这种酶混合物对某些革兰氏阴性菌和对白细胞酶溶解具有抗性的有荚膜的葡萄球菌具有溶菌作用。白细胞裂解物和人工鸡尾酒对对数生长期收获的细菌的溶解作用大于对较老细胞的溶解作用。白色葡萄球菌和粪链球菌不能被兔肠、淋巴细胞和血小板的提取物显著溶解,但加入溶菌酶后会发生广泛的溶解,表明这些细胞含有可被溶菌酶激活的预备蛋白水解剂。另一方面,所有这些细胞的提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌的溶解作用对溶菌酶的依赖性较小,表明其他非溶菌酶依赖性的溶菌因子参与了某些组织提取物对这种微生物的溶解作用。有人认为,细菌细胞壁成分对白细胞酶的溶解抗性可能有助于慢性后遗症的发病机制,并且可以使用人工酶混合物来治疗由细菌引起的某些慢性炎症过程。