Ne'eman N, Sela M N, Chanes S, Bierkenfeld L, Kutani D, Lahav M, Ginsburg I
Inflammation. 1979 Sep;3(4):379-94. doi: 10.1007/BF00913496.
Normal sera and plasma, derived from humans, calves, rats, rabbits, horses, human synovial fluids, inflammatory exudates, and leukocyte extracts, when sufficiently diluted are highly bacteriolytic for Staph, aureus, Strep. faecalis, B. sutilis and to a variety of gram-negative rods. On the other hand, concentrated serum or the other body fluids are usually not bacteriolytic for these bacterial species. While the lysis of Staph, aureus and B. subtilis by diluted serum is not lysozyme dependent, lysis of Strep. faecalis is absolutely dependent on the concentration of lysozyme. The lytic factor in human serum is present in Cohn's fractions III, IV, and V. It is nondialyzable, resistant to heating for 75 degrees C and 20 min, and acts optimally at pH 5.0. Like leukocyte extracts, synovial fluids, and inflammatory exudates, it lyses only young staphylococci. The inability of concentrated serum to lyse Staph. aureus and Strep. faecalis is due to the presence in the gamma globulin fraction of a potent inhibitor, which can be partly removed by dilution of by adsorption upon the homologous bacteria. Lysis of the bacteria is also strongly inhibited by Cohn's fraction II (gamma globulin) by high-molecular-weight DNA, heparin, liquoid, and histone. The possible role played by serum globulin in the protection of bacteria against degradation by leukocyte is discussed.
来自人类、小牛、大鼠、兔子、马的正常血清和血浆，以及人类滑液、炎性渗出物和白细胞提取物，充分稀释后对金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌以及多种革兰氏阴性杆菌具有高度溶菌作用。另一方面，浓缩血清或其他体液通常对这些细菌没有溶菌作用。虽然稀释血清对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的溶解不依赖于溶菌酶，但粪肠球菌的溶解绝对依赖于溶菌酶的浓度。人血清中的溶菌因子存在于科恩氏组分III、IV和V中。它不能透析，耐75摄氏度加热20分钟，在pH 5.0时作用最佳。与白细胞提取物、滑液和炎性渗出物一样，它只溶解年轻的葡萄球菌。浓缩血清不能溶解金黄色葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌是由于γ球蛋白组分中存在一种强效抑制剂，通过稀释或吸附在同源细菌上可部分去除该抑制剂。细菌的溶解也受到科恩氏组分II（γ球蛋白）、高分子量DNA、肝素、液体石腊和组蛋白的强烈抑制。文中讨论了血清球蛋白在保护细菌免受白细胞降解方面可能发挥的作用。
