Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Eschikon 33, CH-8315, Lindau, Switzerland.
Plant Cell Rep. 1993 Dec;13(2):79-82. doi: 10.1007/BF00235294.
Medium sterilization techniques (autoclaving, filter sterilization and separate sterilization of medium components), combined with preculture exposure to activated charcoal (AC) were evaluated for effects on maize anther culture response. The addition of AC to filter sterilized medium had no effect on the number of embryo-like-structures (ES) produced. For autoclaved medium, pre-culture AC treatment resulted in a 3-fold increase in ES yield over medium lacking AC. When AC was included, autoclaved medium was more productive than filter sterilized medium. Autoclaved media without AC gave lower response than filter sterilized medium. Separate sterilization of sucrose or FeEDTA was beneficial for media autoclaved in the absence of AC. However, when all components were autoclaved together in the presence of AC, there was no advantage to separate sterilization. The maximum ES frequency (224.6 ES/100 anthers) was obtained with the genotype ETH-M 52 cultured in autoclaved medium which had been exposed to AC (5 g/L) for 96 h prior to culture initiation. It is supposed that the higher ES frequencies observed with AC-treated, autoclaved media were due to the availability of glucose and fructose following heat-induced hydrolysis of sucrose and the AC-mediated adsorption of inhibitory compounds produced during autoclaving.
中效消毒技术（高压灭菌、过滤灭菌和培养基成分的单独灭菌）与预培养时暴露于活性炭（AC）相结合，用于评估其对玉米花药培养反应的影响。在过滤灭菌的培养基中添加 AC 对产生的胚状体结构（ES）数量没有影响。对于高压灭菌的培养基，预培养 AC 处理使 ES 产量比不含 AC 的培养基增加了 3 倍。当添加 AC 时，高压灭菌的培养基比过滤灭菌的培养基更具生产力。含有 AC 的高压灭菌培养基比不含 AC 的高压灭菌培养基反应更差。蔗糖或 FeEDTA 的单独灭菌对不含 AC 的培养基进行高压灭菌是有益的。然而，当所有成分在含有 AC 的情况下一起进行高压灭菌时，单独灭菌没有优势。在用 AC（5 g/L）处理 96 小时后，用基因型 ETH-M 52 在经过 AC 处理的高压灭菌培养基中培养，可获得最大的 ES 频率（224.6 ES/100 花药）。据推测，在用 AC 处理的高压灭菌培养基中观察到的更高 ES 频率是由于蔗糖热诱导水解后葡萄糖和果糖的可用性，以及 AC 介导的在高压灭菌过程中产生的抑制性化合物的吸附。
