Barrie-Blackley S
Department of Communicative Disorders, Division of Disorders of Devel. and Learning, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
J Psycholinguist Res. 1973 Jun;2(2):153-65. doi: 10.1007/BF01067208.
The adjoining of clauses with temporal links is the basis for many sentences that convey sequence of events. The present study attempts to delineate 6-year-old children's (N=30) understanding of the meaning sequences imparted by sentences adjoined with "after", "before", and "until". Their performance of the meaning sequence for each of 24 carefully constructed sentences is compared to an adult model. Analysis of the results (using a Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed Rank Test) indicated that: (1)Ss understood sentences adjoined with "after" according to an adult model more frequently than "before" adjoined sentences (P<0.01); (b) "Until" adjoined sentences with a negative marker in the main clause were understood according to an adult model more often than "until" adjoined sentences with no such negative element, but the difference was not significant at a=0.01; (3)Ss understood "before" adjoined sentences according to an adult model more often than "until" adjoined sentences, but the difference was not significant at a=0.01. In general, the results indicated that 6-year-olds have not yet completed development of an "adult grammar" with respect to adjoining clauses with temporal links, "after", "before", and "until".
带有时间关联的从句连接是许多传达事件顺序的句子的基础。本研究试图描绘30名6岁儿童对由“after”、“before”和“until”连接的句子所传达的意义顺序的理解。将他们对24个精心构建的句子中每个句子的意义顺序表现与成人模型进行比较。结果分析（使用威尔科克森配对符号秩检验）表明：（1）与成人模型相比，被试理解“after”连接的句子比“before”连接的句子更频繁（P<0.01）；（2）与成人模型相比，主句带有否定标记的“until”连接的句子比没有此类否定元素的“until”连接的句子更常被理解，但在α=0.01时差异不显著；（3）与成人模型相比，被试理解“before”连接的句子比“until”连接的句子更频繁，但在α=0.01时差异不显著。总体而言，结果表明6岁儿童在带有时间关联“after”、“before”和“until”的从句连接方面尚未完成“成人语法”的发展。
