Department of Botany, Karnatak University, 580 003, Dharwad, India.
Theor Appl Genet. 1992 Aug;84(5-6):747-54. doi: 10.1007/BF00224180.
In an attempt to discover 'A' and 'B' genome donor(s) to finger millet, Eleusine coracana, or its progenitor species, E. africana (both allotetraploid 2n=4x=36), five diploid species, E. Indica, E. Floccifolia, E. multiflora, E. tristachya and E. intermedia, were crossed to finger millet and its progenitor taxon. Crosses were successful only with E. coracana. Three combinations of triploid hybrids E. coracana x E. indica, E. coracana x E. floccifolia, and E. coracana x E. multiflora were obtained and analysed. Meiotic behaviour was perfectly normal in parental species. The regular number of 18 bivalents in E. coracana, 9 bivalents in E. indica, E. intermedia, E. tristachya and E. floccifolia and 8 bivalents in E. multiflora were invariably noticed. In E. coracana x E. indica hybrids a mean chromosome pairing of 8.84I+8.80II+0.03III+0.10IV per cell was found. About 86.5% of the cells showed the typical 9I+9II configuration, suggesting that E. indica (AA) is one of the diploid genome donors to cultivated species E. coracana. A mean chromosome pairing of 11.08I+7.63II+0.16III+0.04IV per cell was found in E. coracana x E. floccifolia hybrids. Two to ten bivalents and varying numbers of univalents were seen in 55% of the cells. About 45% of the cells showed the 9I+9II configuration. Various evidence suggests that perennial E. floccifolia is a primitive member of the 'A' genome group of Eleusine species, and it may not be a genome donor to E. coracana. In E. coracana x E. multiflora hybrids (2n=26) mean chromosome pairing of 21.45I+1.97II+0.13III+0.04IV per cell was found. About 91% of the cells were observed to have 20-26 univalents. Only a small percentage of the cells contained bivalents or multivalents. This pairing behaviour indicates that E. multiflora lacks genomic homology with the 'A' or 'B' genome of E. coracana. Genomically E. multiflora is a distinct species and a genomic symbol of 'C' is assigned to it. Identification of the 'B' genome donor species to cultivated millet. E. coracana remains elusive.
为了寻找 finger millet（eleusine coracana）或其祖先物种（非洲黍 eleusine africana，均为 2n=4x=36 的异源四倍体）的“A”和“B”基因组供体，将 5 种二倍体物种，即印度黍 eleusine indica、细柄黍 eleusine floccifolia、多花黍 eleusine multiflora、长柄黍 eleusine tristachya 和中间黍 eleusine intermedia，与 finger millet 和其祖先 taxon 进行了杂交。只有与 eleusine coracana 的杂交才取得了成功。获得并分析了 3 种三倍体杂种 eleusine coracana x eleusine indica、eleusine coracana x eleusine floccifolia 和 eleusine coracana x eleusine multiflora 的组合。亲本物种的减数分裂行为完全正常。在 eleusine coracana 中始终观察到 18 个二价体的正常数量、eleusine indica、eleusine intermedia、eleusine tristachya 和 eleusine floccifolia 中的 9 个二价体和 eleusine multiflora 中的 8 个二价体。在 eleusine coracana x eleusine indica 杂种中，每细胞平均有 8.84I+8.80II+0.03III+0.10IV 个染色体配对。约 86.5%的细胞表现出典型的 9I+9II 构型，表明 eleusine indica（AA）是栽培种 eleusine coracana 的一个二倍体基因组供体。在 eleusine coracana x eleusine floccifolia 杂种中，每细胞平均有 11.08I+7.63II+0.16III+0.04IV 个染色体配对。在 55%的细胞中观察到 2 到 10 个二价体和不同数量的单价体。约 45%的细胞表现出 9I+9II 构型。各种证据表明，多年生 eleusine floccifolia 是 eleusine 物种“A”基因组群的原始成员，它可能不是 eleusine coracana 的基因组供体。在 eleusine coracana x eleusine multiflora 杂种（2n=26）中，每细胞平均有 21.45I+1.97II+0.13III+0.04IV 个染色体配对。约 91%的细胞观察到有 20-26 个单价体。只有一小部分细胞含有二价体或多价体。这种配对行为表明 eleusine multiflora 与 eleusine coracana 的“A”或“B”基因组没有同源性。从基因组学上讲，eleusine multiflora 是一个独特的物种，被分配了基因组符号“C”。栽培小米的“B”基因组供体物种的鉴定仍然难以捉摸。
