From the *Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, and †Arizona Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
Dermatitis. 2013 Nov-Dec;24(6):283-90. doi: 10.1097/DER.0b013e3182a5d8bc.
The term cosmetic has a broad definition and includes personal care products, hair care products, nail care products, and sunscreens. Modern cosmetics are safe for most users, and adverse reactions are very rare because the manufacturers invest heavily in safety, quality control, and product testing before releasing the product to the market. Despite these efforts, adverse reactions occur. Skin care products are major contributors to cosmetic allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), followed by hair care and nail care products. The most common allergens are fragrances and preservatives. The diagnosis of cosmetic allergy is established by reviewing the patient's clinical history and physical examination findings and confirmed with skin patch testing. Patch testing is the standard method for detecting allergens responsible for eliciting ACD. The purpose of this article was to review the prevalence, legislative laws, and role of patch testing in ACD.
术语“化妆品”的定义很广泛，包括个人护理产品、头发护理产品、指甲护理产品和防晒霜。现代化妆品对大多数使用者是安全的，不良反应非常罕见，因为制造商在将产品投放市场之前会在安全性、质量控制和产品测试方面投入大量资金。尽管做出了这些努力，但仍会发生不良反应。护肤品是导致化妆品过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）的主要因素，其次是护发和美甲产品。最常见的过敏原是香料和防腐剂。化妆品过敏的诊断是通过审查患者的临床病史和体检结果，并通过皮肤斑贴试验来确认。斑贴试验是检测引发 ACD 的过敏原的标准方法。本文旨在回顾 ACD 的流行率、立法法律以及斑贴试验的作用。
