School of Public Health, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, 1420 Washington Heights, 48109-2029, Ann Arbor, MI,
Hum Nat. 1996 Dec;7(4):323-52. doi: 10.1007/BF02732898.
In the United States, low-income or minority populations tend toward earlier births than the more advantaged. In disadvantaged populations, one factor that may exert pressure toward early births is "weathering," or pervasive health uncertainty. Are subjective perceptions of health related to fertility timing? Drawing on a small sample of intensive interviews with teenage mothers-to-be, I suggest that low-income African American teenagers may expect uncertain health and short lifespans. Where family economies and caretaking systems are based on kin networks, such perceptions may influence the decision to become a young mother. Heuristic typologies of ways socially situated knowledge may contribute to the reproduction of fertility timing practices contrast the experiences of poor African American interviewees, working class white interviewees, and middle-class teens who typically postpone childbearing.
在美国,低收入或少数族裔的人口往往比条件较好的人更早生育。在弱势群体中,促使他们早育的一个因素可能是“逆境”,也就是普遍存在的健康不确定性。那么对健康的主观感知是否与生育时间有关呢?通过对即将成为母亲的青少年进行的小样本深入访谈,我发现,低收入的非裔美国青少年可能预期自己的健康状况不确定,寿命也较短。在以亲属关系为基础的家庭经济和照顾体系中,这种看法可能会影响成为年轻母亲的决定。社会情境知识可能导致生育时间实践的再现,其方式的启发式类型学与贫困的非裔美国受访者、工人阶级的白人受访者以及通常推迟生育的中产阶级青少年的经历形成对比。