House J S, Kessler R C, Herzog A R
Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48106-1248.
Milbank Q. 1990;68(3):383-411.
Analysts dispute what roles biomedical, psychosocial, and other factors play in determining the duration of morbidity and disability over the life course. Cross-sectional data from two national surveys of adults aged 25 years and over not only show, however, that age and socioeconomic status (SES) are significant predictors of self-reported physical health; they also demonstrate that the relation of age to health varies with SES features. Longitudinal research is needed to test the finding that enduring functional limitations in terms of time are actually compressed in higher SES groups. To improve well-being in our society, moreover, requires specifying why SES differences occur, and perhaps ultimately reducing socioeconomic inequality itself.
分析人士对生物医学、心理社会及其他因素在决定一生中发病和残疾持续时间方面所起的作用存在争议。然而，两项针对25岁及以上成年人的全国性调查的横断面数据不仅表明，年龄和社会经济地位（SES）是自我报告身体健康状况的重要预测因素；它们还表明，年龄与健康的关系会因SES特征而有所不同。需要进行纵向研究来检验这一发现，即在较高SES群体中，时间维度上持久的功能限制实际上是被压缩的。此外，为了改善我们社会中的福祉，需要明确SES差异产生的原因，或许最终还要减少社会经济不平等本身。
