Beal A M, Clark R C, Budtz-Olsen O E
Q J Exp Physiol Cogn Med Sci. 1975 Oct;60(4):315-23. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.1975.sp002325.
Sheep were infused intravenously with 0-43 M-KCl at 2 ml/min for 2 hr while they were either sodium-replete or sodium-deficient after the unilateral loss of parotid saliva for 18 hr or 3 days. Salivary flow was depressed during potassium infusion and the flow rates observed at maximum hyperkalaemia were similar in all three states of sodium balance despite the large differences in flow rate before potassium infusion. The fall in salivary Na/K ratio during potassium administration was diphasic, the initial decline being slow and followed by a more rapid fall in the ratio. The duration of the initial period of slow decline in this ratio ranged from 75-105 min, 45-60 min, and about 15 min in the sodium-replete, mildly sodium-deficient and severely sodium-deficient states respectively. The decline in salivary flow during sodium depletion was associated with decreasing salivary bicarbonate concentration and increasing salivary phosphate and hydrogen ion concentrations with the concentration of chloride showing no consistent trend. During acute hyperkalaemia the chloride and phosphate concentrations were negatively correlated with salivary flow, the bicarbonate concentration was positively correlated with flow and the hydrogen ion concentration was unaltered. The sodium concentration of the saliva showed a statistically significant correlation with flow only when the sheep were severely sodium-deficient.
给绵羊静脉输注0.43M - KCl，速度为2 ml/分钟，持续2小时，此时绵羊处于单侧腮腺唾液分泌缺失18小时或3天后的钠充足或钠缺乏状态。在输注钾期间唾液分泌量降低，尽管在输注钾之前分泌速率存在很大差异，但在三种钠平衡状态下，在最大高钾血症时观察到的分泌速率相似。在给予钾期间，唾液中Na/K比值的下降是双相的，最初下降缓慢，随后该比值下降更快。在钠充足、轻度钠缺乏和严重钠缺乏状态下，该比值最初缓慢下降期的持续时间分别为75 - 105分钟、45 - 60分钟和约15分钟。钠缺乏期间唾液分泌量的下降与唾液中碳酸氢盐浓度降低、磷酸盐和氢离子浓度升高有关，而氯离子浓度没有一致的变化趋势。在急性高钾血症期间，氯离子和磷酸盐浓度与唾液分泌量呈负相关，碳酸氢盐浓度与分泌量呈正相关，氢离子浓度未改变。仅当绵羊严重钠缺乏时，唾液中的钠浓度与分泌量才具有统计学上的显著相关性。
