Department of Child Health, Medical School, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2013;83(1):14-25. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000141.
Prenatal supplementation with micronutrients may increase birth weight and thus improve infant health and survival in settings where infants and children are at risk of micronutrient deficiencies.
To assess whether vitamin A and/or zinc supplementation given during pregnancy can improve birth weight, birth length, neonatal morbidity, or infant mortality.
A double-blind, randomized controlled trial supplementing women (n = 2173) in Central Java, Indonesia throughout pregnancy with vitamin A, zinc, combined vitamin A+zinc, or placebo.
Out of 2173 supplemented pregnant women, 1956 neonates could be evaluated. Overall, zinc supplementation improved birth length compared to placebo or combined vitamin A+zinc (48.8 vs. 48.5 cm, p = 0.04); vitamin A supplementation improved birth length compared to placebo or combined vitamin A+zinc (48.7 vs. 48.2 cm, p = 0.04). These effects remained after adjusting for maternal height, pre-pregnancy weight, and parity. There was no effect of supplementation on birth weight, the proportion of low birth weight, neonatal morbidity, or mortality.
Prenatal zinc or vitamin A supplementation demonstrates a small but significant effect on birth length, but supplementation with zinc, vitamin A or a combination of zinc and vitamin A, have no effect on birth weight, neonatal morbidity, or mortality.
在产前补充微量营养素可能会增加出生体重，从而改善婴儿的健康状况，并提高处于微量营养素缺乏风险中的婴儿和儿童的生存率。
评估在妊娠期间补充维生素 A 和/或锌是否可以改善出生体重、出生长度、新生儿发病率或婴儿死亡率。
一项在印度尼西亚中爪哇进行的双盲、随机对照试验，对 2173 名孕妇进行了维生素 A、锌、联合维生素 A+锌或安慰剂的补充。
在 2173 名接受补充的孕妇中，有 1956 名新生儿可进行评估。总体而言，与安慰剂或联合维生素 A+锌相比，锌补充剂可改善出生长度（48.8 厘米对 48.5 厘米，p=0.04）；与安慰剂或联合维生素 A+锌相比，维生素 A 补充剂可改善出生长度（48.7 厘米对 48.2 厘米，p=0.04）。在调整了母亲身高、孕前体重和产次后，这些效果仍然存在。补充剂对出生体重、低出生体重比例、新生儿发病率或死亡率没有影响。
产前补充锌或维生素 A 对出生长度有较小但显著的影响，但补充锌、维生素 A 或锌和维生素 A 的联合补充对出生体重、新生儿发病率或死亡率没有影响。
