Department of Child Health, Medical School, Gadjah Mada University, Sardjito Hospital, Jalan Kesehatan no. 1, Sekip, Yogyakarta 55284, Indonesia.
Public Health Nutr. 2011 Dec;14(12):2197-206. doi: 10.1017/S1368980011001078. Epub 2011 Jun 23.
To determine whether prenatal vitamin A and/or Zn supplementation affects postnatal growth.
Follow-up of a randomized controlled trial monitoring growth in children from birth up to 24 months of age.
Central Java, Indonesia.
Children (n 343) of mothers participating in a double-blinded, randomized controlled study of vitamin A and/or Zn supplementation during pregnancy. We report the effects of prenatal supplementation on infant growth, measured as weight-for-age Z-scores (WAZ), height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) and weight-for-height Z-scores (WHZ ), from 0 to 24 months, as well as differences in growth faltering among the supplementation groups.
For HAZ, the absolute differences between the vitamin A-only and vitamin A + Zn groups at 3 and 9 months were 0·34 SD and 0·37 SD, respectively, and the absolute difference between the vitamin A-only and Zn-only groups at 18 months was 0·31 SD. Compared with placebo, none of the supplements affected growth. Defining growth faltering as a downward crossing of two or more major percentile lines, 50-75% of the children were found to be growth faltering within 9 months of age, whereas 17% and 8% scored <-2 SD for WAZ and HAZ, respectively. Prenatal supplementation did not reduce the prevalence of growth faltering.
Prenatal vitamin A supplementation had a small but significant effect on postnatal growth of children's length until 18 months of age compared with supplementation with either vitamin A + Zn or Zn alone, but not compared with placebo. It had no effects on other anthropometric measures and did not reduce the prevalence of growth faltering. Future studies should duplicate these findings before recommendations can be made.
确定产前补充维生素 A 和/或 Zn 是否会影响产后生长。
对一项出生至 24 月龄儿童生长监测的随机对照试验进行随访。
印度尼西亚中爪哇省。
参与孕期维生素 A 和/或 Zn 补充双盲随机对照研究的母亲所生的儿童（n 343）。我们报告了产前补充对婴儿生长的影响，生长指标为体重-年龄 Z 评分（WAZ）、身高-年龄 Z 评分（HAZ）和体重-身高 Z 评分（WHZ），随访时间从 0 至 24 月龄，以及补充组之间生长迟缓的差异。
HAZ 方面，维生素 A 单补组与维生素 A+Zn 组在 3 和 9 月龄的绝对差值分别为 0·34 SD 和 0·37 SD，维生素 A 单补组与 Zn 单补组在 18 月龄的绝对差值为 0·31 SD。与安慰剂相比，没有一种补充剂对生长有影响。将生长迟缓定义为两条或更多主要百分位线的向下交叉，9 月龄内 50%-75%的儿童出现生长迟缓，而 WAZ 和 HAZ 分别有 17%和 8%的儿童<-2 SD。产前补充并未降低生长迟缓的发生率。
与补充维生素 A+Zn 或 Zn 相比，产前补充维生素 A 对儿童的身长有轻微但显著的影响，可一直持续到 18 月龄，但与安慰剂相比无差异。它对其他人体测量指标没有影响，也没有降低生长迟缓的发生率。在提出建议之前，未来的研究应重复这些发现。
