Federal Biological Research Center for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute for Resistance Genetics, D-8059, Grünbach, FRG.
Theor Appl Genet. 1990 Sep;80(3):359-65. doi: 10.1007/BF00210073.
Because plant cells cultured in vitro express genetic variability and since they can be regenerated into functional plants, procedures have been designed to use this system for the production of plants with new important agronomic characteristics, particularly for disease resistance. For barley, wheat, and potato somaclones have been found that were less susceptible to a toxin of Helminthosporium, fusaric acid, Fusarium coeruleum, F. sulphureum, or Phytophthora infestans, when screened in the first in-vitro-derived generation. Here the progeny of such somaclones is evaluated after natural and artificial infection, using greenhouse-grown or field material. The progenies of the same somaclones did not express detectable differences, which indicated that no heterozygous mutations occurred. Most lines and clones differed in their level of susceptibility to the pathogen compared to the level of the starting material, but these data were in no instance significant. It is discussed here whether this lack of significance is due to a lack of genetic differences or whether the test procedures are in adequate for detecting and securing the slight, probably quantitative, alterations.
由于体外培养的植物细胞表达遗传变异性，并且可以将其再生为功能植物，因此已经设计了一些程序来利用该系统生产具有新的重要农艺特性的植物，特别是用于抗病性。已经发现大麦、小麦和马铃薯的体细胞无性系在第一代体外衍生的筛选中对 Helminthosporium、黄曲霉素、Fusarium coeruleum、F. sulphureum 或 Phytophthora infestans 的毒素的敏感性降低。在这里，使用温室或田间材料对这种体细胞无性系的后代进行自然和人工感染后的评估。与起始材料相比，同一体细胞无性系的后代在对病原体的易感性方面没有表现出可检测到的差异，这表明没有发生杂合突变。与起始材料相比，大多数品系和克隆在对病原体的易感性方面存在差异，但这些数据在任何情况下都不显著。这里讨论了这种缺乏显著性是由于缺乏遗传差异还是由于测试程序不足以检测和确保微小的、可能是定量的改变。
