Department of Health Science, Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
BMC Womens Health. 2013 Nov 14;13:46. doi: 10.1186/1472-6874-13-46.
The menopause is associated with a tendency to gain weight. Several alterations in fat deposits occur, leading to changes in the distribution of body fat. There are strong indications that, in middle age, obesity is associated with increased mortality. This study set out to determine the factors associated with the prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity in postmenopausal women in a population-based study in Brazil.
The sample included 456 women, aged 45-69 years, residing in the urban area of Maringa, Parana. Systematic sampling, with a probability proportional to the size of the census sector, was performed. Behavioral, economic, and sociodemographic data were collected, and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were determined.
According to BMI criteria (≥25.0 kg/m2), 72.6% of the women were overweight, and according to WC (≥88 cm), 63.6% had abdominal obesity. Based on logistic regression analysis, the factors that were most closely associated with overweight were: having three or more children (odds ratio (OR): 1.78; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-3.00); and not taking hormone replacement therapy (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.06-2.63). The prevalence of abdominal obesity was positively associated with greater parity (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.05-1.72) and age older than 65 years (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.03-2.19).
This study found that the prevalences of overweight and abdominal obesity were higher for postmenopausal women who had three or more children. Age over 65 years was also a risk factor for abdominal obesity and no use of hormonal replacement therapy was a risk factor for overweight.
绝经后妇女体重增加的趋势较为明显。脂肪沉积出现多种改变，导致体脂分布发生变化。有强有力的证据表明，中年肥胖与死亡率增加相关。本研究旨在通过巴西一项基于人群的研究，确定与绝经后妇女超重和腹型肥胖患病率相关的因素。
本研究纳入了 456 名年龄在 45-69 岁之间的居住在巴拉那州马拉开波城市地区的女性。采用与普查区大小成正比的概率抽样方法进行系统抽样。收集了行为、经济和社会人口学数据，并测定了体重指数（BMI）和腰围（WC）。
根据 BMI 标准（≥25.0kg/m2），72.6%的女性超重，根据 WC（≥88cm）标准，63.6%的女性患有腹型肥胖。基于逻辑回归分析，与超重最密切相关的因素是：生育三个或更多孩子（比值比（OR）：1.78；95%置信区间（CI）：1.06-3.00）；未接受激素替代治疗（OR：1.69；95% CI：1.06-2.63）。腹型肥胖的患病率与更高的生育次数（OR：1.34，95% CI：1.05-1.72）和年龄大于 65 岁（OR：1.50；95% CI：1.03-2.19）呈正相关。
本研究发现，生育三个或更多孩子的绝经后妇女超重和腹型肥胖的患病率更高。年龄大于 65 岁也是腹型肥胖的危险因素，而不使用激素替代疗法是超重的危险因素。
