Public Health England (HPA), Porton Down Salisbury, United Kingdom.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2013 Aug;7(4):413-8. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2013.43.
This study examined homemade masks as an alternative to commercial face masks.
Several household materials were evaluated for the capacity to block bacterial and viral aerosols. Twenty-one healthy volunteers made their own face masks from cotton t-shirts; the masks were then tested for fit. The number of microorganisms isolated from coughs of healthy volunteers wearing their homemade mask, a surgical mask, or no mask was compared using several air-sampling techniques.
The median-fit factor of the homemade masks was one-half that of the surgical masks. Both masks significantly reduced the number of microorganisms expelled by volunteers, although the surgical mask was 3 times more effective in blocking transmission than the homemade mask.
Our findings suggest that a homemade mask should only be considered as a last resort to prevent droplet transmission from infected individuals, but it would be better than no protection.
本研究考察了自制口罩作为商业口罩的替代品。
评估了几种家用材料阻挡细菌和病毒气溶胶的能力。21 名健康志愿者用纯棉 t 恤制作了自己的口罩，并测试了口罩的贴合度。使用多种空气采样技术比较了健康志愿者佩戴自制口罩、外科口罩或不戴口罩时咳嗽时分离出的微生物数量。
自制口罩的中位贴合系数是外科口罩的一半。两种口罩都显著减少了志愿者呼出的微生物数量，尽管外科口罩在阻止传播方面的效果是自制口罩的 3 倍。
我们的研究结果表明，自制口罩仅应作为防止感染者飞沫传播的最后手段，但其效果要好于没有任何防护。
