Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación en Bioingeniería y Tecnología Orientada al Ser Humano (I3BH), Universitat Politècnica de València, I3BH/LabHuman, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:758491. doi: 10.1155/2013/758491. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
This work presents the protocol carried out in the development and validation of an augmented reality system which was installed in an operating theatre to help surgeons with trocar placement during laparoscopic surgery. The purpose of this validation is to demonstrate the improvements that this system can provide to the field of medicine, particularly surgery.
Two experiments that were noninvasive for both the patient and the surgeon were designed. In one of these experiments the augmented reality system was used, the other one was the control experiment, and the system was not used. The type of operation selected for all cases was a cholecystectomy due to the low degree of complexity and complications before, during, and after the surgery. The technique used in the placement of trocars was the French technique, but the results can be extrapolated to any other technique and operation.
Four clinicians and ninety-six measurements obtained of twenty-four patients (randomly assigned in each experiment) were involved in these experiments. The final results show an improvement in accuracy and variability of 33% and 63%, respectively, in comparison to traditional methods, demonstrating that the use of an augmented reality system offers advantages for trocar placement in laparoscopic surgery.
本研究介绍了一种增强现实系统的开发和验证过程，该系统已安装在手术室中，以帮助外科医生在腹腔镜手术中进行套管针放置。本验证的目的是展示该系统可为医学领域，特别是手术领域带来的改进。
设计了两项对患者和外科医生均无创伤的实验。在其中一项实验中使用了增强现实系统，另一项为对照实验，不使用系统。所有病例均选择胆囊切除术，因其手术前、手术中和手术后的复杂性和并发症程度较低。套管针放置采用的是法国技术，但结果可外推至任何其他技术和手术。
共有 4 名临床医生和 96 名患者（随机分配到每组实验）参与了这些实验。与传统方法相比，最终结果显示准确性和变异性分别提高了 33%和 63%，表明在腹腔镜手术中使用增强现实系统有助于套管针的放置。
