Chariot Patrick, Briffa Hugo, Lepresle Aude, Lefèvre Thomas, Boraud Cyril
Department of Forensic Medicine, Hôpital Jean-Verdier (AP-HP), Bondy F-93140, France; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Social Issues (IRIS), UMR 8156-997, UFR SMBH, Université Paris 13, France.
J Forensic Leg Med. 2013 Nov;20(8):980-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2013.07.006. Epub 2013 Aug 24.
Health issues among arrestees are a worldwide concern for which only local policies have been established. Physicians attending detainees in police custody are expected to decide whether the detainee's health status is compatible with detention in a police station and make any useful observations. A high degree of heterogeneity in the information collected by the physician and transmitted to the police has been observed. We analyzed the content and limitations of available documents and developed a model that could serve as a guide for any attending physician. The document presented here has been used in France on over 50,000 occasions since June 2010. We developed a two-page template consisting of (1) a standard medical certificate to be sent to the authority who requested the doctor's attendance and (2) a confidential medical record, not sent to the requesting authority. We evaluated perceived health by the three global health indicators of the Minimum European Health Module and used DSM IV criteria for the evaluation of addictive disorders. In the case of recent traumatic injuries, the certificate has also included the collection of data on traumatic injuries and the contexts of their occurrence. The proposed certificate achieved several goals, by protecting the interests of the person examined, in case of poor conditions of arrest or detention, protecting doctors in cases of legal proceedings, and allowing epidemiological data to be collected. The certificate may also contribute to an international awareness of medical care for detainees in police custody.
被逮捕者的健康问题是一个全球关注的问题，目前仅制定了地方政策。负责诊治被警方拘留者的医生需要判定被拘留者的健康状况是否适合拘留在警察局，并进行任何有用的观察。已观察到医生收集并传达给警方的信息存在高度异质性。我们分析了现有文件的内容和局限性，并开发了一个可为任何主治医生提供指导的模型。自2010年6月以来，此处介绍的文件在法国已被使用了5万多次。我们设计了一个两页的模板，包括：（1）一份标准医疗证明，发送给请求医生出诊的机构；（2）一份保密医疗记录，不发送给请求机构。我们通过欧洲最低健康模块的三项全球健康指标评估感知健康状况，并使用《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准评估成瘾性疾病。对于近期的创伤性损伤，证明还包括收集创伤性损伤的数据及其发生背景。拟议的证明实现了多个目标，在逮捕或拘留条件恶劣的情况下保护被检查者的利益，在法律诉讼中保护医生，并允许收集流行病学数据。该证明还可能有助于提高国际社会对被警方拘留者医疗护理的认识。
