产时护理中替代和补充疗法的应用：对加泰罗尼亚被认证为正常分娩中心的医院助产士培训的横断面研究。
Use of alternative and complementary therapies in labor and delivery care: a cross-sectional study of midwives' training in Catalan hospitals accredited as centers for normal birth.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Mental Health and Perinatal Nursing, University School of Nursing, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
出版信息
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2013 Nov 15;13:318. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-318.
BACKGROUND
The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) during pregnancy is increasing. Scientific evidence for CAM and CAT in the field of obstetrics mainly covers pain relief in labor. Midwives are responsible for labor and delivery care: hence, their knowledge of CAM and CAT is important. The aims of this study are to describe the professional profile of midwives who provide care for natural childbirth in Catalan hospitals accredited as centers for normal birth, to assess midwives' level of training in CAT and their use of these therapies, and to identify specific resources for CAT in labor wards.
METHODS
A descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative method was used to assess the level of training and use of CAT by midwives working at 28 hospitals in Catalonia, Spain, accredited as public normal birth centers.
RESULTS
Just under a third of midwives (30.4%) trained in CAT after completion of basic training. They trained in an average of 5.97 therapies (SD 3.56). The number of CAT in which the midwives were trained correlated negatively with age (r = - 0.284; p < 0.001) and with their time working at the hospital in years (r = - 0.136; p = 0.036). Midwives trained in CAT considered that the following therapies were useful or very useful for pain relief during labor and delivery: relaxation techniques (64.3%), hydrotherapy (84.8%) and the application of compresses to the perineum (75.9%). The availability of resources for providing CAT during normal birth care varied widely from center to center.
CONCLUSIONS
Age may influence attitudes towards training. It is important to increase the number of midwives trained in CAM for pain relief during childbirth, in order to promote the use of CAT and ensure efficiency and safety. CAT resources at accredited hospitals providing normal childbirth care should also be standardized.
背景
在怀孕期间，人们越来越多地使用补充和替代医学（CAM）及补充和替代疗法（CAT）。CAM 在产科领域的科学证据主要涵盖分娩时的疼痛缓解。助产士负责分娩护理：因此，他们对 CAM 和 CAT 的了解很重要。本研究的目的是描述在加泰罗尼亚被认证为正常分娩中心的医院中提供自然分娩护理的助产士的专业概况，评估助产士在 CAT 方面的培训水平及其对这些疗法的使用情况，并确定分娩病房中 CAT 的具体资源。
方法
采用描述性、横断面、定量方法，评估了在西班牙加泰罗尼亚 28 家被认证为公共正常分娩中心的医院工作的助产士的培训水平和 CAT 使用情况。
结果
近三分之一（30.4%）的助产士在完成基础培训后接受过 CAT 培训。他们平均接受过 5.97 种疗法的培训（SD 3.56）。助产士接受的 CAT 数量与年龄呈负相关（r = -0.284；p <0.001），与在医院工作的年限呈负相关（r = -0.136；p = 0.036）。接受过 CAT 培训的助产士认为，以下疗法在分娩和分娩过程中缓解疼痛非常有用或非常有用：放松技术（64.3%）、水疗（84.8%）和会阴敷贴（75.9%）。各中心在提供正常分娩护理的 CAT 资源方面差异很大。
结论
年龄可能会影响培训态度。增加接受分娩疼痛缓解 CAM 培训的助产士数量非常重要，以促进 CAT 的使用，并确保效率和安全性。认证医院提供正常分娩护理的 CAT 资源也应标准化。
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