Heidelberg University, Germany.
J Gambl Stud. 1992 Mar;8(1):79-92. doi: 10.1007/BF01881470.
In an unselected group of 46 excessive gamblers who came for psychiatric help or for an expert opinion on legal responsibility, two different groups of gamblers are compared: roulette gamblers and those who played at German-style slot machines. In all excessive gamblers, childhood developmental limitations as well as disorders in the ability to form and maintain partner relationships in later life were frequent; at the same time the childhood conditions and their life histories are diverse. The spectrum of observed psychiatric disorders is rather wide. Gamblers at electronic game machines began to play at an average age of 19 years; they more often belong to the lower classes and show depressive and reactive disorders more frequently. Roulette gamblers began to gamble excessively on average nine years later than other gamblers; they showed signs of personality disorders, especially narcissistic and cyclothymic patterns, significantly more often. Anti-social behavior and delinquency before the onset of excessive gambling were frequent in both groups.
在一组未经选择的 46 名寻求精神科帮助或法律责任专家意见的过度赌博者中，我们对两组不同的赌徒进行了比较：轮盘赌赌徒和德国式老虎机赌徒。在所有过度赌博者中，童年发育受限以及晚年形成和维持伴侣关系的能力障碍都很常见；同时，他们的童年条件和生活经历也各不相同。观察到的精神障碍谱相当广泛。电子游戏赌博者开始赌博的平均年龄为 19 岁；他们更多地属于较低社会阶层，更频繁地表现出抑郁和反应性障碍。轮盘赌赌徒开始过度赌博的平均年龄比其他赌徒晚九年；他们明显更频繁地表现出人格障碍的迹象，尤其是自恋和环性模式。在过度赌博之前，两组都有反社会行为和违法行为。
