Lipson Sarah Ketchen
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2014;26(3):309-20. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2013-0320.
Mental disorders account for a larger burden of disease among adolescents and young adults than any other class of health conditions, and most of these disorders are untreated. Gatekeeper-trainings represent a potentially powerful mechanism for increasing access to treatment. This article is a comprehensive review of 21 gatekeeper-training studies conducted in schools and other youth settings around the world. Despite the widespread use of these programs, little is known about how they actually affect the abilities and actions of trained gatekeepers and the subsequent help-seeking behaviors of adolescents and young adults. Certain outcomes (knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy) have been commonly measured whereas others (behaviors, skills, and population-level outcomes) have rarely been assessed. The studies reviewed here also suggest that positive training effects often diminish over time. The article identifies opportunities for advancing gatekeeper-training research and practice.
精神障碍在青少年和青年人群中造成的疾病负担比任何其他健康状况类别都要大，而且这些障碍大多未得到治疗。守门人培训是增加治疗可及性的一种潜在有力机制。本文全面综述了在世界各地学校和其他青少年环境中开展的21项守门人培训研究。尽管这些项目被广泛使用，但对于它们如何实际影响受过培训的守门人的能力和行动，以及随后青少年和青年的求助行为，人们知之甚少。某些结果（知识、态度和自我效能）已被普遍测量，而其他结果（行为、技能和人群层面的结果）则很少被评估。这里综述的研究还表明，积极的培训效果往往会随着时间的推移而减弱。本文确定了推进守门人培训研究和实践的机会。
