Talebian Mohammad Hassan, Afrooz Gholam Ali, Hooman Heidar Ali, Aghaei Asghar
Department of Psychology and Educational of Exceptional Children, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
J Educ Health Promot. 2013 Aug 31;2:43. doi: 10.4103/2277-9531.117406. eCollection 2013.
The present study was connected in order to evaluate the relationship between biological, cognitive and psychosocial characteristics of mothers and the weight of infant at the time of birth.
In order to conduct this research a sample of 910 women among recently delivered mothers of Isfahan province in 2009 were selected. From stratified sampling and cluster sampling according to the percentage of population in each of the cities of Isfahan Province was used. The data was gathered with a questionnaire prepared by the researcher in order to evaluate the biological cognitive and psychosocial characteristics of mothers, in addition to the Enrich marital satisfaction test. After collecting data, the analysis of the data was done with SPSS software in two categories of descriptive and inferential statistics by using logistic regression model.
The results showed that the prevalence of low weight infants was 9.5 percent and 38.7 percent of pregnancies was unwanted. Twenty-nine percent of mothers had marital dissatisfaction. 15/6 percent of pregnancies were below 20 years old and 22 percent was above of 35 years old. 38.9 percent of mothers were exposed to cigarette smoke. The average of weight gain during pregnancies was 9 kilograms. Thirty three percent of mothers had high blood pressure during pregnancy, 26.7 percent had history of abortion and 31.9 percent had history of bleeding. 23/1percent of women was employed during pregnancy, 19.8 percent gave twin birth and 21/1 percent of parents were relative of each other, 29.7 percent of deliveries were done in cesarean way.
The results of this study showed that severe marital dissatisfaction, abnormal blood pressure during pregnancy, being employed during pregnancy, weight gain less than 5 Kg during pregnancy, pregnancy below the age of 20 can meaning fully increase the possibility of low birth weight in infant (α=0.05). The results were consisting with the previous findings and indicated that some of the applicable benefits of this research can be recording of information about each delivery in the whole country with holding training workshops of before and during pregnancy skills by welfare organization.
本研究旨在评估母亲的生物学、认知和心理社会特征与婴儿出生时体重之间的关系。
为开展本研究，选取了2009年伊斯法罕省近期分娩的910名女性作为样本。采用分层抽样和整群抽样，依据伊斯法罕省各城市的人口比例进行。通过研究者编制的问卷收集数据，以评估母亲的生物学、认知和心理社会特征，此外还进行了恩里奇婚姻满意度测试。收集数据后，使用SPSS软件，通过逻辑回归模型对数据进行描述性和推断性统计两类分析。
结果显示，低体重婴儿的患病率为9.5%，38.7%的怀孕是意外怀孕。29%的母亲婚姻不满意。15.6%的怀孕母亲年龄在20岁以下，22%的怀孕母亲年龄在35岁以上。38.9%的母亲接触过香烟烟雾。怀孕期间体重增加的平均值为9千克。33%的母亲在怀孕期间患有高血压，26.7%的母亲有流产史，31.9%的母亲有出血史。23.1%的女性在怀孕期间就业，19.8%的母亲分娩双胞胎，21.1%的父母是亲属关系，29.7%的分娩通过剖宫产进行。
本研究结果表明，严重的婚姻不满意、怀孕期间血压异常、怀孕期间就业、怀孕期间体重增加少于5千克、20岁以下怀孕等情况，可显著增加婴儿低出生体重的可能性（α=0.05）。研究结果与先前的发现一致，并表明本研究的一些应用益处在于，通过福利组织举办孕前和孕期技能培训讲习班，记录全国每次分娩的信息。
