Olafsdottir S, Berg C, Eiben G, Lanfer A, Reisch L, Ahrens W, Kourides Y, Molnár D, Moreno L A, Siani A, Veidebaum T, Lissner L
Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Feb;68(2):223-8. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.234. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This longitudinal study describes the relationship between young children's screen time, dietary habits and anthropometric measures. The hypothesis was that television viewing and other screen activities at baseline result in increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and increased BMI, BMI z-score and waist to height ratio (WHtR) two years later. A second hypothesis was that SSB consumption mediates the association between the screen activities and changes in the anthropometric measures.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study is a part of the prospective cohort study IDEFICS ("Identification and prevention of dietary and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants"), investigating diet, lifestyle and social determinants of obesity in 2 to 9-year-olds in eight European countries (baseline n=16,225, two-year follow-up; n=11,038). Anthropometry was objectively measured, and behaviours were parent-reported.
The main hypothesis was supported, but the second hypothesis was not confirmed. The odds ratio of being in the highest quintile of % change in WHtR was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.17-1.36) and in BMI 1.22 (95% CI: 1.13-1.31), for each hour per day watching television. The odds ratio of having increased SSB consumption was 1.19 (95% CI: 1.09-1.29) for each hour per day watching TV. The associations for total screen time were slightly weaker.
The results indicate substantial effects of TV viewing and other screen activities for young children, both on their consumption of sugary drinks and on an increase in BMI and central obesity. Our findings suggest that television viewing seems to have a stronger effect on food habits and anthropometry than other screen activities in this age group.
背景/目的：这项纵向研究描述了幼儿的屏幕使用时间、饮食习惯与人体测量指标之间的关系。研究假设为，基线时的电视观看及其他屏幕活动会导致两年后含糖饮料（SSB）摄入量增加，以及体重指数（BMI）、BMI标准差评分（BMI z-score）和腰高比（WHtR）升高。第二个假设是，SSB摄入介导了屏幕活动与人体测量指标变化之间的关联。
对象/方法：该研究是前瞻性队列研究IDEFICS（“识别和预防儿童和婴儿饮食及生活方式引起的健康影响”）的一部分，调查了八个欧洲国家2至9岁儿童肥胖的饮食、生活方式和社会决定因素（基线时n = 16,225，两年随访；n = 11,038）。客观测量人体测量指标，行为由家长报告。
主要假设得到支持，但第二个假设未得到证实。每天看电视每增加一小时，处于WHtR变化最高五分位数的比值比为1.26（95%置信区间：1.17 - 1.36），BMI为1.22（95%置信区间：1.13 - 1.31）。每天看电视每增加一小时，SSB摄入量增加的比值比为1.19（95%置信区间：1.09 - 1.29）。总屏幕使用时间的关联稍弱。
结果表明，电视观看和其他屏幕活动对幼儿有显著影响，既影响他们含糖饮料的摄入量，也会导致BMI增加和中心性肥胖。我们的研究结果表明，在这个年龄组中，电视观看对饮食习惯和人体测量指标的影响似乎比其他屏幕活动更强。
