Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Food Toxicology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15/123, D-30173, Hannover, Germany.
J Sci Food Agric. 2014 Mar 15;94(4):810-8. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.6484. Epub 2013 Dec 23.
The main component in tocotrienols (T3) from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is α-T3, the vitamer with the highest bioavailability, while palm oil T3 is particularly rich in γ-T3. Unlike tocopherols, T3 are known for their cholesterogenesis-inhibiting, neuroprotective and anticarcinogenic properties. In this study the oral bioavailabilities of T3 from barley oil (3.98 mg day⁻¹) and T3 from palm oil (3.36 mg day⁻¹) in nanoemulsified formulations (NE) and self-emulsifying systems (SES) were compared using hen's eggs as a bioindicator. In addition, the transfer efficiencies of barley oil T3 and palm oil T3 into egg yolk were compared, as well as their effects on egg cholesterol levels.
Nanoemulsification led to T3 levels (132.9 µg per egg) higher than with non-emulsified barley oil (112.8 µg per egg) and barley oil SES (116.7 µg per egg) owing to the high proportions of α-T3 (99-117 µg per egg), which has a particularly high transfer efficiency (4.32-6.75%). T3 contents of eggs from hens fed barley oil supplements (112-132 µg per egg) were significantly higher than those of eggs from hens fed palm oil supplements (70-78 µg per egg). Addition of barley and palm oils to laying hen feed decreased egg yolk cholesterol by 4 and 6% respectively.
Results from this animal study may help to establish T3 from barley as a dietary supplement and to develop nutritionally improved hen's eggs.
大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）中原维生素 E 三烯（T3）的主要成分是 α-T3，其生物利用度最高，而棕榈油 T3 特别富含 γ-T3。与生育酚不同，T3 以其抑制胆固醇生成、神经保护和抗癌特性而闻名。在这项研究中，使用鸡蛋作为生物标志物，比较了纳米乳剂配方（NE）和自乳化系统（SES）中来自大麦油（3.98mg·天⁻¹）和棕榈油（3.36mg·天⁻¹）的 T3 的口服生物利用度。此外，还比较了大麦油 T3 和棕榈油 T3 向蛋黄中的转移效率及其对鸡蛋胆固醇水平的影响。
纳米乳化导致 T3 水平（每个鸡蛋 132.9µg）高于非乳化大麦油（每个鸡蛋 112.8µg）和大麦油 SES（每个鸡蛋 116.7µg），这是由于高比例的 α-T3（每个鸡蛋 99-117µg），其转移效率特别高（4.32-6.75%）。用添加大麦油的补充剂喂养母鸡所产鸡蛋中的 T3 含量（每个鸡蛋 112-132µg）明显高于用添加棕榈油的补充剂喂养母鸡所产鸡蛋中的 T3 含量（每个鸡蛋 70-78µg）。在产蛋鸡饲料中添加大麦油和棕榈油可使蛋黄胆固醇分别降低 4%和 6%。
这项动物研究的结果可能有助于将大麦来源的 T3 确立为膳食补充剂，并开发营养改善的鸡蛋。
