Hansen H, Wang T, Dolde David, Xin Hongwei
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States DuPont Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Johnson, IA, United States
Poult Sci. 2015 Oct;94(10):2421-33. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev228. Epub 2015 Aug 17.
The impact of supplementing laying-hen feed with annatto tocotrienols (T3s) and alpha-tocopherol on the distribution of various forms of vitamin E and cholesterol throughout the hen's body was evaluated. A total of 18 organs or tissues (skin, fat pad, liver and gall bladder, heart, oviduct, forming yolk, laid yolk, lungs, spleen, kidney, pancreas, gizzard, digestive tract, brain, thigh, breast, manure, and blood) were collected after 7 wk of feeding on diets enriched with various levels of alpha-tocopherol and annatto extract that contained gamma-T3 and delta-T3. Tissue weights, contents of lipid, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-T3, delta-T3, cholesterol, and fatty acid composition of extracted lipids from the collected organs and tissues were determined. Tissue weight and lipid content did not change significantly with feed supplementation treatments, except that the liver became heavier with increased levels of supplementation. Overall, the main organs that accumulated the supplemented vitamin E were fat pad, liver and gall bladder, oviduct, forming yolks, laid yolks, kidney, brain, thigh, and breast. Much of annatto gamma-T3 and delta-T3 (> 90%) was found in the manure, indicating poor uptake. In some tissues (brain and oviduct,) a significant increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids was seen with increased supplementation. Alpha-tocopherol impacted the transfer of gamma-T3 to forming and laid yolks, but did not impact delta-T3 transfer. No significant differences were found in most of the tissues in cholesterol, except a reduction in heart, based on tissue as-is. Blood samples showed large variations in individual hens with no significant differences in total and HDL cholesterol, or total triacylglycerols. Supplementing feed with annatto T3s and alpha-tocopherol showed that the vitamin E profile and distribution of the laying-hen body can be altered, but to different extents depending on tissue. The result of this research has significance in enhancing meat nutrient content.
评估了在蛋鸡饲料中添加红木生育三烯酚（T3s）和α-生育酚对各种形式的维生素E和胆固醇在鸡体内分布的影响。在以富含不同水平α-生育酚和含有γ-T3和δ-T3的红木提取物的日粮喂养7周后，收集了总共18个器官或组织（皮肤、脂肪垫、肝脏和胆囊、心脏、输卵管、形成中的蛋黄、产出的蛋黄、肺、脾脏、肾脏、胰腺、砂囊、消化道、大脑、大腿、胸部、粪便和血液）。测定了收集的器官和组织的组织重量、脂质、α-生育酚、γ-T3、δ-T3、胆固醇含量以及提取脂质的脂肪酸组成。组织重量和脂质含量在饲料补充处理后没有显著变化，只是肝脏随着补充水平的增加而变重。总体而言，积累补充维生素E的主要器官是脂肪垫、肝脏和胆囊、输卵管、形成中的蛋黄、产出的蛋黄、肾脏、大脑、大腿和胸部。在粪便中发现了大部分红木γ-T3和δ-T3（>90%），表明吸收不良。在一些组织（大脑和输卵管）中，随着补充量的增加，多不饱和脂肪酸显著增加。α-生育酚影响γ-T3向形成中的蛋黄和产出蛋黄的转移，但不影响δ-T3的转移。基于原样组织，除了心脏中的胆固醇有所降低外，大多数组织中的胆固醇没有显著差异。血液样本显示个体母鸡之间差异很大，总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇或总三酰甘油没有显著差异。在蛋鸡饲料中添加红木T3s和α-生育酚表明，蛋鸡体内的维生素E谱和分布可以改变，但程度因组织而异。这项研究结果对于提高肉类营养成分具有重要意义。
