Department of Animal Sciences; The Ohio State University; Columbus, OH USA.
Gut Microbes. 2014 Jan-Feb;5(1):108-19. doi: 10.4161/gmic.26945. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of poultry is densely populated with microorganisms which closely and intensively interact with the host and ingested feed. The gut microbiome benefits the host by providing nutrients from otherwise poorly utilized dietary substrates and modulating the development and function of the digestive and immune system. In return, the host provides a permissive habitat and nutrients for bacterial colonization and growth. Gut microbiome can be affected by diet, and different dietary interventions are used by poultry producers to enhance bird growth and reduce risk of enteric infection by pathogens. There also exist extensive interactions among members of the gut microbiome. A comprehensive understanding of these interactions will help develop new dietary or managerial interventions that can enhance bird growth, maximize host feed utilization, and protect birds from enteric diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria.
家禽的胃肠道（GI）中密集分布着微生物，这些微生物与宿主和摄入的饲料密切且深入地相互作用。肠道微生物组通过从其他利用率低的膳食基质中提供营养物质并调节消化和免疫系统的发育和功能，使宿主受益。作为回报，宿主为细菌定植和生长提供了一个许可的栖息地和营养物质。饮食可以影响肠道微生物组，家禽生产者使用不同的饮食干预措施来促进鸟类生长并降低肠道感染病原体的风险。肠道微生物组的成员之间也存在广泛的相互作用。全面了解这些相互作用将有助于开发新的饮食或管理干预措施，从而促进鸟类生长，最大限度地提高宿主对饲料的利用，并保护鸟类免受由病原菌引起的肠道疾病。
