Chakroun Ibtissem, Fedhila Kais, Espinosa-Ruiz Cristóbal, Esteban Maria Angeles, Mahdhi Abdelkarim
Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
Braz J Microbiol. 2025 Aug 12. doi: 10.1007/s42770-025-01746-2.
Salmonellosis linked to fish consumption is a significant public health concern. Salmonella often contaminates fish through polluted water or improper handling, with increasing antibiotic-resistant strains in aquaculture. This study evaluated the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-biofilm activities of the cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) of Limosilactobacillus reuteri against normal and stressed Salmonella Typhimurium in seawater microcosms over four years. The CFCS exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 16.66% to 30% under acidic conditions, whereas stressed strains showed increased resistance, with MIC reaching up to 60% at neutral pH. Antioxidant activity reached 38% (DPPH assay), and CFCS significantly reduced biofilm formation and bacterial adhesion by up to 52% on the fish cell line (SAF-1). Additionally, L. reuteri CFCS modulated the expression of genes related to oxidative stress (cat, sod, gr) and immune response (il1b, il6, il8). These findings highlight the potential of L. reuteri CFCS as a natural antimicrobial and anti-virulence agent in marine aquaculture, helping to address antibiotic resistance issues.
与食用鱼类相关的沙门氏菌病是一个重大的公共卫生问题。沙门氏菌经常通过受污染的水或不当处理污染鱼类，水产养殖中抗生素耐药菌株不断增加。本研究在四年时间里评估了罗伊氏乳杆菌无细胞培养上清液（CFCS）对海水微观环境中正常和应激鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的抗菌、抗氧化和抗生物膜活性。CFCS在酸性条件下的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为16.66%至30%，而应激菌株的耐药性增加，在中性pH值下MIC高达60%。抗氧化活性达到38%（DPPH测定法），CFCS显著减少生物膜形成，并且在鱼类细胞系（SAF-1）上细菌黏附最多减少52%。此外，罗伊氏乳杆菌CFCS调节了与氧化应激（cat、sod、gr）和免疫反应（il1b、il6、il8）相关基因的表达。这些发现凸显了罗伊氏乳杆菌CFCS作为海洋水产养殖中天然抗菌和抗毒力剂的潜力，有助于解决抗生素耐药性问题。
