Takeuchi Hikaru, Taki Yasuyuki, Hashizume Hiroshi, Asano Kohei, Asano Michiko, Sassa Yuko, Yokota Susumu, Kotozaki Yuka, Nouchi Rui, Kawashima Ryuta
Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer.
Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer Division of Medical Neuroimaging Analysis, Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Department of Nuclear Medicine & Radiology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer.
Cereb Cortex. 2015 May;25(5):1188-97. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bht315. Epub 2013 Nov 20.
Television (TV) viewing is known to affect children's verbal abilities and other physical, cognitive, and emotional development in psychological studies. However, the brain structural development associated with TV viewing has never been investigated. Here we examined cross-sectional correlations between the duration of TV viewing and regional gray/white matter volume (rGMV/rWMV) among 133 boys and 143 girls as well as correlations between the duration of TV viewing and longitudinal changes that occurred a few years later among 111 boys and 105 girls. After correcting for confounding factors, we found positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV of the frontopolar and medial prefrontal areas in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV/rWMV of areas of the visual cortex in cross-sectional analyses, and positive effects of TV viewing on rGMV of the hypothalamus/septum and sensorimotor areas in longitudinal analyses. We also confirmed negative effects of TV viewing on verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. These anatomical correlates may be linked to previously known effects of TV viewing on verbal competence, aggression, and physical activity. In particular, the present results showed effects of TV viewing on the frontopolar area of the brain, which has been associated with intellectual abilities.
在心理学研究中，看电视已知会影响儿童的语言能力以及其他身体、认知和情感发展。然而，与看电视相关的大脑结构发育从未被研究过。在此，我们研究了133名男孩和143名女孩看电视时长与区域灰质/白质体积（rGMV/rWMV）之间的横断面相关性，以及111名男孩和105名女孩看电视时长与几年后发生的纵向变化之间的相关性。在校正混杂因素后，我们发现在横断面和纵向分析中，看电视对额极和内侧前额叶区域的rGMV有积极影响，在横断面分析中，看电视对视觉皮层区域的rGMV/rWMV有积极影响，在纵向分析中，看电视对下丘脑/隔区和感觉运动区域的rGMV有积极影响。我们还在横断面和纵向分析中证实了看电视对语言智商（IQ）有负面影响。这些解剖学上的关联可能与看电视对语言能力、攻击性和身体活动的已知影响有关。特别是，目前的结果显示了看电视对大脑额极区域的影响，该区域与智力能力有关。
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