Public Health Engineering Laboratory, Imperial College, SW7 2BU, London, England.
Environ Monit Assess. 1984 Sep;4(3):205-32. doi: 10.1007/BF00394142.
Air quality impact assessment (AQIA) is an important technique for determining the relative contribution to ground level pollutant concentrations of specific current or future source emissions at receptor sites. The principal activities in AQIA are air quality modelling and monitoring techniques. The choice of techniques which are applicable to a particular situation is intimately related to the problem to be assessed. A review of relevant modelling techniques has been presented, with emphasis placed on Gaussian plume models because of their ease of use and broad applicability. Alternative modelling techniques have been suggested when departures from the Gaussian form in the atmosphere occurs or when more detailed information on atmospheric chemistry, deposition or long range transport is required. The objectives and techniques of ambient air quality monitoring have been examined and the siting of instruments, duration and frequency of sampling, choice of monitoring rationale (fixed or mobile), minimization of sampling errors, data storage and analysis are discussed. Modelling and monitoring are essential to successful AQIA. An orderly approach to the principles and procedures involved in performing AQIA studies, using these two techniques in conjunction, has been presented.
空气质量影响评估（AQIA）是确定受体位置特定当前或未来源排放对地面污染物浓度相对贡献的重要技术。AQIA 的主要活动是空气质量建模和监测技术。适用于特定情况的技术选择与要评估的问题密切相关。已经对相关建模技术进行了审查，重点是高斯烟羽模型，因为它们易于使用且适用范围广泛。当大气中出现高斯形式的偏差，或者需要更详细的大气化学、沉积或长距离传输信息时，建议使用替代建模技术。已经检查了环境空气质量监测的目标和技术，并讨论了仪器的选址、采样的持续时间和频率、监测基本原理（固定或移动）的选择、采样误差的最小化、数据存储和分析。建模和监测对于成功的 AQIA 至关重要。已经提出了一种使用这两种技术结合的方法，以有序的方式处理执行 AQIA 研究涉及的原则和程序。
