Marine Biological Laboratory, Boston University Marine Program, 02543, Woods Hole, Massachusetts.
J Chem Ecol. 1991 Jul;17(7):1293-307. doi: 10.1007/BF00983763.
The lobster,Homarus americanus, relies upon its lateral antennules to make initial directional choices in a turbulent odor plume. To determine whether chemical signals provide cues for source direction and distance during orientation, we studied the search patterns of the lobster orienting within a turbulent odor plume. In an odor plume, animals walked significantly more slowly and most often up the middle of the tank; control animals (no odor present) walked rapidly in straight lines, frequently along a wall. Search patterns were not stereotyped either for the population of experimental animals or for individuals. Three different phases of orientation were evident: an initial stage during which the animals increased their walking speeds and decreased their heading angles; an intermediate stage where both the walking speed and headings were constant; and the final stage close to the source, where heading angles increased while walking speed decreased. During this last stage the animals appear to be switching from a distance orientation (mediated by the antennules) to a local food search (mediated by the walking legs) as evidenced by a great increase in leg-raking behavior.
美洲螯龙虾依靠其侧触角在紊流气味羽流中做出初始方向选择。为了确定在定向过程中化学信号是否为源方向和距离提供线索，我们研究了在紊流气味羽流中定向的龙虾的搜索模式。在气味羽流中，动物行走的速度明显较慢，而且大多数时候都在水箱中间行走；而对照动物（没有气味）则快速地直线行走，经常沿着墙壁行走。搜索模式既不是实验动物群体的刻板模式，也不是个体的刻板模式。定向有三个不同的阶段：初始阶段，动物增加行走速度并减小头部角度；中间阶段，行走速度和头部角度均保持不变；最后阶段接近源，头部角度增加而行走速度降低。在最后阶段，动物似乎正在从远距离定向（由触角介导）切换到局部食物搜索（由行走腿介导），这可以从腿部耙行为的大量增加中得到证明。
