Vigo Daniel E, Tuerlinckx Francis, Ogrinz Barbara, Wan Li, Simonelli Guido, Bersenev Evgeny, Van Den Bergh Omer, Aubert André E
Departamento de Docencia e Investigación, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Católica Argentina and Consejo Nacional de lnvestigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2013 Oct;84(10):1023-8. doi: 10.3357/asem.3612.2013.
The Mars500 project was conceived to gather knowledge about the psychological and physiological effects of living in an enclosed environment during 520 d as would be required for a real mission to Mars. Our objective was to investigate the circadian profile of heart rate variability (HRV) in the context of the Mars500 study.
Before, during, and after confinement, 24-h EKG records were obtained from the six crewmembers who participated in the mission. Autonomic activity was evaluated through time and frequency domain indexes of HRV analysis. Circadian rhythmicity was assessed both by averaging hourly HRV along wake and sleep scheduled periods and by fitting a 24-h harmonic to the hourly means.
During confinement, wake HRV showed (mean +/- SE) a progressive increase in mean RR interval (from 778 +/- 24 ms to 916 +/- 42 ms), and in the amplitude (values are wavelet power coefficients) of very low (from 13.3 +/- 0.3 to 14.1 +/- 0.2) and high (from 7.8 +/- 0.4 to 8.3 +/- 0.3) frequency components. During sleep, the relative amplitude of the high frequency component of HRV decreased (from 11.8 +/- 1.6 to 9.4 +/- 1.8 normalized units). Overall, sleep-wake differences of HRV showed a progressive decrease of the relative amplitude of the high frequency component. Also, circadian HRV rhythms were dampened during confinement.
Data revealed diminished amplitude of the rest-activity pattern of the autonomic nervous system parasympathetic function. Reduced daylight exposure and mood changes could account for this observation.
“火星500”项目旨在获取关于在封闭环境中生活520天对心理和生理影响的知识，这是执行真正火星任务所需的时长。我们的目标是在“火星500”研究背景下探究心率变异性（HRV）的昼夜节律特征。
在隔离前、隔离期间和隔离后，从参与该任务的六名机组人员处获取24小时心电图记录。通过HRV分析的时域和频域指标评估自主神经活动。通过在清醒和预定睡眠时间内平均每小时的HRV以及将24小时谐波拟合到每小时平均值来评估昼夜节律性。
在隔离期间，清醒时的HRV显示（均值±标准误）平均RR间期逐渐增加（从778±24毫秒增至916±42毫秒），以及极低（从13.3±0.3增至14.1±0.2）和高频（从7.8±0.4增至8.3±0.3）成分的幅度（值为小波功率系数）增加。在睡眠期间，HRV高频成分的相对幅度降低（从11.8±1.6降至9.4±1.8归一化单位）。总体而言，HRV的睡眠 - 清醒差异显示高频成分的相对幅度逐渐降低。此外，隔离期间昼夜HRV节律受到抑制。
数据显示自主神经系统副交感神经功能的静息 - 活动模式幅度减小。日照减少和情绪变化可能解释了这一观察结果。
