Plant Breeding Institute, Maris Lane, Trumpington, Cambridge, England.
Theor Appl Genet. 1983 May;65(2):103-11. doi: 10.1007/BF00264875.
The use of irradiated pollen to bring about limited gene transfer in wheat has been investigated. Doses of X-rays of 2Kr, 3Kr and 5Kr were used to generate M1 progeny between maternal and paternal genotypes differing in quantitative and major gene characters. Cytological studies of M1 plants revealed hybrids with widespread aneuploidy and structural rearrangements in the paternal genome. These effects resulted in phenotypic variation between M1 progeny and complex multivalent formation at meiosis. All M1 plants at the 5Kr and 3Kr doses were sterile and all but 2 plants at the 2Kr dose.Studies of the two M2 families from these plants revealed disturbances in genotype frequencies for some of the marker loci with an excess of maternal homozygotes and a deficit of paternal homozygotes. This was also reflected in a more maternal appearance for quantitative characters. These results are interpreted as showing that irradiation damage to the paternal genome in M1 plants results in the differential transmission of maternal alleles.
利用辐照花粉在小麦中实现有限的基因转移已经过研究。使用 2Kr、3Kr 和 5Kr 的 X 射线剂量，在母本和父本基因型之间产生 M1 后代，这些基因型在数量和主基因特征上存在差异。M1 植物的细胞学研究显示杂种具有广泛的非整倍体和父本基因组的结构重排。这些效应导致 M1 后代之间的表型变异和减数分裂中复杂的多价体形成。5Kr 和 3Kr 剂量的所有 M1 植物均不育，而 2Kr 剂量的植物除了 2 株外均不育。对这些植物的两个 M2 家系的研究表明，一些标记基因座的基因型频率发生了干扰，母本纯合子过剩，父本纯合子不足。这也反映在数量性状上更具母性的外观。这些结果表明，M1 植物中父本基因组的辐照损伤导致母本等位基因的差异传递。
