The Gage Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Environ Monit Assess. 1982 Mar;2(1-2):233-45. doi: 10.1007/BF00399168.
Air pollution has been associated with adverse health effects. Difficulties in interpreting studies of health effects of exposure to air pollution arise in estimating exposure. Until recently, studies of effects of air pollution have relied on pollution exposure measurements obtained from fixed location air pollution stations monitoring outside air (to evaluate compliance with air quality standards, rather than to examine population exposure). However, recent evidence suggests that there are substantial differences between air pollution levels measured at such sites and levels to which people are actually exposed, i.e. 'personal exposure'. The present study examines effects of ambient urban air pollution on persons suffering from asthma, healthy non-asthmatic subjects and school children (in 2 Canadian cities, Toronto and Hamilton). Air pollution exposure is being assessed by data obtained from: (1) conventional 'abatement' oriented fixed location air pollution monitoring stations, (2) an extensive 'population' oriented network, (3) inside and (4) outside structures (homes and schools) as well as (5) 'personal' air pollution samplers. The data indicate variability in these different estimates of exposure which have implications on health effects assessment.
空气污染与不良健康影响有关。在估算暴露量时，很难解释暴露于空气污染对健康影响的研究。直到最近，空气污染影响的研究一直依赖于从固定位置的空气污染监测站获得的污染暴露测量值，这些监测站监测室外空气（以评估空气质量标准的遵守情况，而不是检查人群暴露情况）。然而，最近的证据表明，在这些地点测量的空气污染水平与人们实际接触的水平（即“个人暴露”）之间存在很大差异。本研究考察了城市环境空气污染对哮喘患者、健康非哮喘受试者和学童（在加拿大的两个城市多伦多和汉密尔顿）的影响。空气污染暴露是通过以下数据进行评估的：（1）传统的“减排”导向固定位置空气污染监测站，（2）广泛的“人群”导向网络，（3）室内和（4）室外结构（家庭和学校）以及（5）“个人”空气污染采样器。这些数据表明，这些不同暴露估计值存在差异，这对健康影响评估有影响。
