Pérez-Écija A, Estepa J C, Barranco I, Rodríguez-Gómez I M, Mendoza F J, Gómez-Laguna J
Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Córdoba, Spain
Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Córdoba, Spain.
Vet Pathol. 2014 Sep;51(5):992-5. doi: 10.1177/0300985813513039. Epub 2013 Nov 27.
Verrucous hemangiomas are a rare specific variant of equine skin tumors not well described in the literature. An 8-year-old gelding presented a unilateral lesion on the pastern. Macroscopically, the mass showed a warty and verrucous surface with focal ulcerations. The histology showed a dermal proliferation of endothelial-layered capillaries and venules separated by a delicate stroma of scant fibroblasts and collagen deposition, with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (exuberant reactive irregular epithelial hyperplasia with tongue-like projections extending into the dermis, mimicking downgrowth of squamous cell carcinoma) and orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis of the overlying epidermis. The immunohistochemical study confirmed the endothelial origin of the tumor, and a final diagnosis of verrucous hemangioma with pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia was confirmed. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first detailed description of this entity in adult horses. Moreover, the clinical progression and epidermal changes have not been previously reported, emphasizing the importance of a pathological study of any epithelial preneoplastic lesion to rule out an underlying dermal neoplasia.
疣状血管瘤是马皮肤肿瘤中一种罕见的特殊变体，文献中对此描述不多。一匹8岁的 gelding（未明确该词准确意思，可能是阉割公马之类）在蹄部出现单侧病变。肉眼可见，肿块表面呈疣状且粗糙，有局部溃疡。组织学检查显示，真皮层内皮细胞层的毛细血管和小静脉增生，其间有少量成纤维细胞和胶原沉积形成的纤细间质，伴有假上皮瘤样增生（一种旺盛的反应性不规则上皮增生，有舌状突起延伸至真皮，类似鳞状细胞癌的向下生长）以及覆盖表皮的正角化过度角化。免疫组织化学研究证实了肿瘤的内皮起源，最终确诊为伴有假上皮瘤样增生的疣状血管瘤。据作者所知，这是成年马中对该实体的首次详细描述。此外，此前尚未报道过其临床进展和表皮变化，强调了对任何上皮性肿瘤前病变进行病理研究以排除潜在真皮肿瘤的重要性。
