Adv Med Sci. 2013;58(2):331-7. doi: 10.2478/ams-2013-0013.
The purpose of our research was to compare the body mass index (BMI) and selected anthropometric parameters in asthmatic and non-asthmatic pubescents.
The study group consisted of 64 asthmatic boys and 45 girls; the control group consisted of 68 nonasthmatic boys and 48 non-asthmatic girls. All the children were 12-14 years old. We measured anthropometric parameters by a standardized method and the percentage of fat using the simple 2-site skinfold method. Additionally, we calculated the percentage of body composition (Matiegka) and the components of somatotype (Heath-Carter). Statistical significance was estimated at the level of p<0.05 by ANOVA test.
The asthmatic boys were significantly shorter than the non-asthmatic (p=0.015), however, we did not find any significant differences in weight and/or BMI in boys nor girls. The asthmatic boys had significantly higher fat mass % than the non-asthmatic ones (p<0.001). Moreover, they had significantly lower muscle mass % (p<0.001) as well as the bone mass % (p<0.001). The asthmatic girls had higher fat mass % than the non-asthmatic ones (p=0.028) and lower muscle mass % (p<0.001). The simple 2-site skinfold method also showed higher fat % in the asthmatic boys (p<0.001) but not in the girls. Examining the Heath-Carter somatotype components, the higher endomorphy was the only significant difference in asthmatic boys (p<0.001) and near significant in asthmatic girls (p=0.053).
Examination of the BMI alone is not sufficient in asthmatic children because of their high percentage of fat. That is why additionally testing fat % is recommended.
我们研究的目的是比较哮喘和非哮喘青春期男孩和女孩的体重指数（BMI）和一些人体测量参数。
研究组包括 64 名哮喘男孩和 45 名哮喘女孩，对照组包括 68 名非哮喘男孩和 48 名非哮喘女孩。所有孩子的年龄都在 12-14 岁之间。我们使用标准化方法测量了人体测量参数，并使用简单的 2 点皮褶法测量了脂肪百分比。此外，我们还计算了身体成分（Matiegka）和体型成分（Heath-Carter）的百分比。通过方差分析（ANOVA）检验，统计学意义估计在 p<0.05 水平。
哮喘男孩比非哮喘男孩明显更矮（p=0.015），但我们没有发现男孩和女孩的体重和/或 BMI 有任何显著差异。哮喘男孩的脂肪质量百分比明显高于非哮喘男孩（p<0.001）。此外，他们的肌肉质量百分比（p<0.001）和骨量百分比（p<0.001）明显较低。哮喘女孩的脂肪质量百分比明显高于非哮喘女孩（p=0.028），肌肉质量百分比明显较低（p<0.001）。简单的 2 点皮褶法也显示哮喘男孩的脂肪百分比较高（p<0.001），但女孩没有。检查 Heath-Carter 体型成分，只有哮喘男孩的内脏型较高（p<0.001），而哮喘女孩接近显著（p=0.053）。
由于哮喘儿童的脂肪百分比较高，仅检查 BMI 是不够的。因此，建议额外检测脂肪百分比。
