Muleledhu Andrew L, Galukande Moses, Makobore Patson, Mwambu Tom, Ameda Faith, Kiguli-Malwadde Elsie
Department of Surgery, Mulago National Referral Hospital, P,O, Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda.
Int J Emerg Med. 2013 Nov 28;6(1):43. doi: 10.1186/1865-1380-6-43.
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among postoperative patients. Its incidence has been reported to range between 16% and 38% among general surgery patients and may be as high as 60% among orthopaedic patients. The most important clinical outcome of DVT is pulmonary embolism, which causes about 10% of hospital deaths. In over 90% of patients, occurrence of DVT is silent and presents no symptoms until onset of pulmonary embolism and/or sudden death. The only effective way of guarding against this fatal condition is therefore prevention/prophylaxis. However, prophylaxis programs are usually based on the estimated prevalence of DVT in that particular community. There is currently no data concerning rates of postoperative DVT in Uganda.The purpose of the study was therefore to determine the prevalence of DVT among postoperative patients at Mulago Uganda's National Referral Hospital.
A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted between March and June 2011. Eligible patients were identified and screened and patient details were collected. Clinical examinations were done on postoperative days (PODs) 1, 2, and 4 and Doppler ultrasounds were done on POD 7 and POD 21 to assess for DVT. Patients found with DVT were treated appropriately according to local treatment guidelines.
A total of 82 patients were recruited, 4/82 (5%) had DVT. The most common risk factor was cancer. The overall mean age was 45 years (range 20-83 years). The male to female ratio was 1.6:1. Participants with more than one risk factor for DVT were 16/82 (20%).
Prevalence of DVT among major post-abdominal surgery patients was low (5%). Cancer was the most common associated factor apart from surgery.
深静脉血栓形成（DVT）是术后患者发病和死亡的主要原因。据报道，普通外科患者中其发病率在16%至38%之间，而骨科患者中可能高达60%。DVT最重要的临床后果是肺栓塞，约导致10%的医院死亡。在超过90%的患者中，DVT的发生是隐匿的，直到肺栓塞发作和/或猝死才出现症状。因此，预防这种致命疾病的唯一有效方法是预防/预防性治疗。然而，预防性治疗方案通常基于该特定社区DVT的估计患病率。目前尚无关于乌干达术后DVT发生率的数据。因此，本研究的目的是确定乌干达穆拉戈国家转诊医院术后患者中DVT的患病率。
于2011年3月至6月进行了一项横断面描述性研究。确定并筛选符合条件的患者，并收集患者详细信息。在术后第1天、第2天和第4天进行临床检查，并在术后第7天和第21天进行多普勒超声检查以评估DVT。根据当地治疗指南对发现有DVT的患者进行适当治疗。
共招募了82名患者，4/82（5%）患有DVT。最常见的危险因素是癌症。总体平均年龄为45岁（范围20 - 83岁）。男女比例为1.6:1。有一个以上DVT危险因素的参与者为16/82（20%）。
腹部大手术后患者中DVT的患病率较低（占5%）。除手术外，癌症是最常见的相关因素。
