Kinner Stuart A, Degenhardt Louisa, Coffey Carolyn, Sawyer Susan, Hearps Stephen, Patton George
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
J Adolesc Health. 2014 May;54(5):521-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.10.003. Epub 2013 Nov 26.
Estimate the prevalence and annual frequency of health risk indicators in young people serving community-based orders (CBOs) and custodial orders in the state of Victoria, Australia.
Cross-sectional survey of 242 young people serving CBOs and 273 serving custodial orders in Victoria in 2002-2003. Validated measures included the Composite International Diagnostic Interview for substance dependence, Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire for depression, and Psychosis Screening Questionnaire for psychosis symptoms. Prevalence estimates were adjusted for sampling bias and age- and sex-adjusted for between-group comparisons. Prevalence estimates were applied to 2010-2011 Victorian youth justice data to estimate annual frequencies at the state level.
The prevalence of substance dependence, poor mental health, and risky sexual behavior was high in both groups. Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence estimates were generally higher among those serving custodial orders; however, extrapolating prevalence estimates to statewide youth justice data generally resulted in higher estimated annual frequencies among CBOs. For example, the estimated prevalence of any substance dependence was 66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 60-72) in those serving custodial orders and 34% (95% CI, 26-42) in CBOs, but the estimated frequency of substance dependence in CBOs in 2010-2011 was 970 (95% CI, 750-1,180), compared with 490 (95% CI, 450-530) in those serving a custodial order.
There is a compelling case for scaling up health services for young offenders in custody and in the community, and for routinely monitoring the health of young offenders serving custodial and community orders.
估算在澳大利亚维多利亚州接受社区服刑令（CBO）和监禁服刑令的年轻人中健康风险指标的患病率及年发生率。
2002 - 2003年对维多利亚州242名接受CBO的年轻人和273名接受监禁服刑令的年轻人进行横断面调查。有效测量方法包括用于物质依赖的综合国际诊断访谈、用于抑郁症的简短情绪和感受问卷以及用于精神病症状的精神病筛查问卷。对患病率估计值进行抽样偏差调整，并在组间比较时进行年龄和性别调整。将患病率估计值应用于2010 - 2011年维多利亚州青少年司法数据，以估算州一级的年发生率。
两组中物质依赖、心理健康不佳和危险性行为的患病率都很高。在接受监禁服刑令的人群中，经年龄和性别调整后的患病率估计值通常更高；然而，将患病率估计值外推至全州青少年司法数据时，通常导致CBO人群的估计年发生率更高。例如，接受监禁服刑令的人群中任何物质依赖的估计患病率为66%（95%置信区间[CI]，60 - 72），CBO人群中为34%（95% CI，26 - 42），但2010 - 2011年CBO人群中物质依赖的估计发生率为970（95% CI，750 - 1180），而接受监禁服刑令的人群中为490（95% CI，450 - 530）。
有充分理由扩大针对被监禁和社区中的年轻罪犯的卫生服务，并定期监测接受监禁和社区服刑令的年轻罪犯的健康状况。
