Division of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, R.S. Pura, 181 102, Jammu, India.
Parasitol Res. 2014 Feb;113(2):747-54. doi: 10.1007/s00436-013-3704-9. Epub 2013 Nov 28.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of different concentrations of chloroform extract obtained from the aerial parts of Artemisia absinthium in comparison to amitraz on adults, eggs and larvae of the dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus using the adult immersion test (AIT), egg hatchability test (EHT) and larval packet test (LPT), respectively. Five concentrations of the extract (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 %) with three replications for each concentration were used in all the bioassays. A control group was established (water + dimethylsulphoxide) together with a positive control group (amitraz), with three repetitions each. In AIT, the mortality rates were 0.0, 13.3, 16.7, 33.3 and 93.3 % in concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 %, respectively, and the variation was significant (p=0.0151). The LC50 (CI) and LC95 (CI) values were calculated as 8.793 % (8.217-9.408) and 34.59 % (29.71-40.26), respectively. The egg production was reduced by 6.6, 6.6, 18.3, 42.5 and 85.1 % in the concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 %, respectively, and it was statistically significant (p=0.0274). In EHT, hatching was completely inhibited at 5, 10 and 20 % displaying 100 % ovicidal action while at the concentrations of 1.25 and 2.5 %, the inhibition rates were 20 and 60 %, respectively. In LPT, the extract caused 100 % mortality of larvae in the concentrations of 5, 10 and 20 % after 24 h while at the concentrations of 1.25 and 2.5 %, the mortality rates were 54.3 and 96.7 %, respectively. The LC50 (CI) and LC95 (CI) values were determined to be 1.11 % (1.099-1.121) and 2.37 % (2.328-2.423), respectively. The results show that the extract of A. absinthium has acaricidal properties and could be useful in controlling R. sanguineus which is an efficient vector of pathogens both in dogs and humans.
本研究的目的是评估不同浓度的青蒿地上部分氯仿提取物对犬蜱 Rhipicephalus sanguineus 的成虫、卵和幼虫的体外疗效，分别采用成虫浸渍试验（AIT）、卵孵化试验（EHT）和幼虫包囊试验（LPT）进行评估。在所有的生物测定中，使用了 5 种浓度（1.25、2.5、5、10 和 20%）的提取物，每个浓度重复 3 次。还建立了一个对照组（水+二甲亚砜）和一个阳性对照组（阿莫特拉唑），每组重复 3 次。在 AIT 中，浓度为 1.25、2.5、5、10 和 20%的死亡率分别为 0.0、13.3、16.7、33.3 和 93.3%，差异具有统计学意义（p=0.0151）。LC50（CI）和 LC95（CI）值分别计算为 8.793%（8.217-9.408）和 34.59%（29.71-40.26）。卵的产量分别减少了 6.6%、6.6%、18.3%、42.5%和 85.1%，在浓度为 1.25、2.5、5、10 和 20%时，差异具有统计学意义（p=0.0274）。在 EHT 中，在浓度为 5、10 和 20%时，孵化完全被抑制，显示出 100%的杀卵作用，而在浓度为 1.25 和 2.5%时，抑制率分别为 20%和 60%。在 LPT 中，提取物在 24 小时后在浓度为 5、10 和 20%时导致幼虫 100%死亡，而在浓度为 1.25 和 2.5%时，死亡率分别为 54.3%和 96.7%。LC50（CI）和 LC95（CI）值分别确定为 1.11%（1.099-1.121）和 2.37%（2.328-2.423）。结果表明，青蒿地上部分氯仿提取物具有杀螨活性，可用于控制犬蜱 Rhipicephalus sanguineus，犬蜱是犬和人类病原体的有效传播媒介。
