Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Arch Razi Inst. 2021 Jul;76(2):293-301. doi: 10.22092/ari.2020.128349.1411. Epub 2021 Jul 1.
Hyalomma spp. is responsible for the transmission of protozoan, bacterial, rickettsial, and viral diseases and causes huge economic loss to the livestock industry.Recently, there is a wide number of promising attempts to evaluate and use herbal preparations for ticks control.This study aimed to evaluate the acaricidal activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Colchicum autumnale (C. autumnale) rhizome and leaf against the Hyalomma spp. in vitro. The acaricidal activities of the Colchicum leaf aqueous (CLA), Colchicum leaf ethanolic (CLE), Colchicum rhizome aqueous (CRA), and Colchicum rhizome ethanolic (CRE) extracts were evaluated at concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/ml and controls (distilled water and Cypermethrin) following 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 h of exposure. It is worth mentioning that the spraying method was used in these experiments. Data were analyzed through GraphPad Prism 5 software. In addition, the chemical composition of aqueous leaf extract was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The carbamodithioic acid (30.04%) was the major chemical constituent identified. Based on the results, CLA, CLE, CRA, and CRE extracts had an acaricidal effect; however, this effect was more potent in CLE. The CLE extract showed a 100% mortality rate at 50, 100, and 150 mg/ml concentrations and 1 h of exposure. The effectiveness of CRA on the Hyalomma spp. was very low. The median lethal concentration (LC50) values were obtained at 100 mg/ml. The results indicated that C. autumnaleleaves contained potent acaricidal ingredients and might provide new acaricidal compounds for the effective control of Hyalomma spp. However, further studies are required to evaluate the efficacy of C. autumnale in vivo.
钝缘蜱属可传播原生动物、细菌、立克次氏体和病毒疾病，给畜牧业造成巨大经济损失。最近，人们广泛尝试评估并使用草药制剂来控制蜱虫。本研究旨在评估秋水仙（Colchicum autumnale）根茎和叶片的水提物和醇提物对体外钝缘蜱属的杀蜱活性。采用喷雾法，在 0.25、0.5、0.75 和 1 h 暴露时间下，用 50、100 和 150 mg/ml 的浓度评估秋水仙叶片水提物（CLA）、叶片醇提物（CLE）、根茎水提物（CRA）和根茎醇提物（CRE）提取物的杀蜱活性，并设对照（蒸馏水和氯菊酯）。此外，采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析水提叶片提取物的化学成分。结果表明，CLA、CLE、CRA 和 CRE 提取物具有杀蜱效果，但 CLE 提取物的效果更强。在 50、100 和 150 mg/ml 浓度和 1 h 暴露时间下，CLE 提取物的死亡率达到 100%。CRA 对钝缘蜱属的杀灭效果非常低，LC50 值为 100 mg/ml。结果表明，秋水仙叶片含有有效的杀蜱成分，可能为钝缘蜱属的有效防治提供新的杀蜱化合物。然而，还需要进一步研究来评估秋水仙在体内的功效。
