Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Radiol Oncol. 2013 Oct 8;47(4):311-8. doi: 10.2478/raon-2013-0062. eCollection 2013.
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulatory molecules in cellular processes, and are potential biomarkers in many diseases. Currently, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs are being pursued as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, and as therapeutic tools in cancer, since their expression profiling is able to distinguish different cancer types and classify their sub-types.
There are numerous studies confirming involvement of ncRNAs in cancer initiation, development and progression, but have only been recently identified as new diagnostic and prognostic tools. This can be beneficial in future medical cancer treatment options, since ncRNAs are natural antisense interactors included in regulation of many genes connected to survival and proliferation. Research is directed in development of useful markers for diagnosis and prognosis in cancer and in developing new RNA-based cancer therapies, of which some are already in clinical trials.
非编码 RNA（ncRNAs）是细胞过程中的关键调节分子，也是许多疾病的潜在生物标志物。目前，microRNAs 和长非编码 RNA 被用作诊断和预后生物标志物，以及癌症治疗工具，因为它们的表达谱能够区分不同的癌症类型并对其亚型进行分类。
有大量研究证实 ncRNAs 参与了癌症的发生、发展和进展，但直到最近才被确定为新的诊断和预后工具。这在未来的癌症治疗选择中可能是有益的，因为 ncRNAs 是天然反义相互作用物，包含在许多与生存和增殖相关的基因的调控中。研究方向是开发用于癌症诊断和预后的有用标志物，并开发新的基于 RNA 的癌症治疗方法，其中一些已经在临床试验中。
