Suszynska Malwina, Zuba-Surma Ewa K, Maj Magdalena, Mierzejewska Kasia, Ratajczak Janina, Kucia Magda, Ratajczak Mariusz Z
1 Stem Cell Institute at the James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky.
Stem Cells Dev. 2014 Apr 1;23(7):702-13. doi: 10.1089/scd.2013.0472. Epub 2014 Jan 11.
Evidence has accumulated that both murine and human adult tissues contain early-development stem cells with a broader differentiation potential than other adult monopotent stem cells. These cells, being pluripotent or multipotent, exist at different levels of specification and most likely represent overlapping populations of cells that, depending on the isolation strategy, ex vivo expansion protocol, and markers employed for their identification, have been given different names. In this review, we will discuss a population of very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) in the context of other stem cells that express pluripotent/multipotent markers isolated from adult tissues as well as review the most current, validated working criteria on how to properly identify and isolate these very rare cells. VSELs have been successfully purified in several laboratories; however, a few have failed to isolate them, which has raised some unnecessary controversy in the field. Therefore, in this short review, we will address the most important reasons that some investigators have experienced problems in isolating these very rare cells and discuss some still unresolved challenges which should be overcome before these cells can be widely employed in the clinic.
越来越多的证据表明，小鼠和人类的成体组织都含有早期发育干细胞，其分化潜能比其他成体单能干细胞更广泛。这些细胞具有多能性或多潜能性，存在于不同的分化水平，很可能代表着重叠的细胞群体，根据分离策略、体外扩增方案以及用于识别它们的标志物不同，这些细胞有了不同的名称。在这篇综述中，我们将在从成体组织中分离出的表达多能/多潜能标志物的其他干细胞的背景下，讨论一群非常小的胚胎样干细胞（VSELs），并回顾关于如何正确识别和分离这些极其罕见细胞的最新的、经过验证的工作标准。VSELs已在多个实验室成功纯化；然而，也有一些实验室未能分离出它们，这在该领域引发了一些不必要的争议。因此，在这篇简短的综述中，我们将阐述一些研究人员在分离这些极其罕见的细胞时遇到问题的最重要原因，并讨论一些在这些细胞能够广泛应用于临床之前仍需克服的未解决的挑战。
