Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Citrus Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Road, 33850, Lake Alfred, Florida.
J Chem Ecol. 1987 Jul;13(7):1739-47. doi: 10.1007/BF00980214.
Allelopathic effects of entire shoot extract, plant part extracts, and shoot residue of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) on corn (Zea mays L.), ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.), and soybean [Glycine max (L) Merr.] growth were examined. Parthenium shoot contained water-soluble materials that were toxic to root growth of velvetleaf and wheat. At 4% (w/ v) concentration, root growth of velvetleaf and wheat were reduced by 60 and 75%, respectively. The order of increasing sensitivity to parthenium was ryegrass, corn, wheat, and velvetleaf. There was a strong correlation between extract concentration and increased toxicity to test species. The toxicity of plant part extracts was also concentration dependent. At 1 and 2% (w/v), the inflorescence and leaves caused more root inhibition than stem extract. Parthenium shoot incorporated in soil at 1% (w/w) caused significantly more root inhibition of wheat than soybean, corn, and ryegrass. At 4% (w/w), root growth of all the test species was inhibited compared to the control. Toxicity of parthenium residue to wheat diminished with increasing periods of decomposition. Residue decomposed for four weeks was less toxic than the undecomposed residue.
研究了泽菊（Parthenium hysterophorus L.）全株提取物、植物部位提取物和残体对玉米（Zea mays L.）、黑麦草（Lolium multiflorum Lam.）、小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）、苘麻（Abutilon theophrasti Medik.）和大豆（Glycine max (L) Merr.）生长的化感作用。泽菊的地上部分含有水溶性物质，对苘麻和小麦的根生长有毒。在 4%（w/v）的浓度下，苘麻和小麦的根生长分别减少了 60%和 75%。对泽菊的敏感性顺序为黑麦草、玉米、小麦和苘麻。提取物浓度与对测试物种毒性的增加之间存在很强的相关性。植物部位提取物的毒性也依赖于浓度。在 1%和 2%（w/v）时，花序和叶片比茎提取物引起更多的根抑制。以 1%（w/w）的浓度掺入土壤中的泽菊地上部分对小麦的根抑制作用明显大于大豆、玉米和黑麦草。在 4%（w/w）时，与对照相比，所有测试物种的根生长都受到抑制。随着分解时间的延长，泽菊残体对小麦的毒性降低。分解四周的残渣比未分解的残渣毒性小。
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