Ghazy Noureldin Abuelfadl, Suzuki Takeshi
Laboratory of Ecological Information, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan,
Exp Appl Acarol. 2014 May;63(1):49-55. doi: 10.1007/s10493-013-9760-0. Epub 2013 Dec 4.
We investigated the effects of changes in vapor pressure deficit (VPD) on the survival of diapausing (winter form) and non-diapausing (summer form) spider mites Tetranychus urticae Koch and Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida (Acari: Tetranychidae). Adult females of both species were kept without food at VPDs of 0.0, 0.4, 0.7, 1.5, 1.9, or 2.7 kPa for 3, 6, 9, 12, or 15 days at 25 °C. Diapausing females of both species kept at a VPD of ≥0.4 kPa for ≥6 days clearly tolerated desiccation. Under water-saturated conditions (VPD = 0.0 kPa), in which no desiccation occurred, diapausing females showed high starvation tolerance: 90 % survived for up to 15 days. No interspecific differences in tolerance to desiccation or starvation were observed under most conditions. These results indicate that diapause functions increase tolerance to desiccation and starvation. Such multiple tolerances to harsh environments might support winter survival in spider mites.
我们研究了蒸汽压亏缺（VPD）变化对滞育（冬季形态）和非滞育（夏季形态）的二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae Koch和神泽氏叶螨Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida（蜱螨亚纲：叶螨科）存活的影响。将两种叶螨的成年雌螨在25℃下，于VPD分别为0.0、0.4、0.7、1.5、1.9或2.7 kPa的条件下，无食物饲养3、6、9、12或15天。两种叶螨的滞育雌螨在VPD≥0.4 kPa且饲养≥6天时，明显能够耐受干燥。在水饱和条件下（VPD = 0.0 kPa，即不发生干燥），滞育雌螨表现出较高的饥饿耐受性：90%的个体存活长达15天。在大多数条件下，未观察到种间在干燥或饥饿耐受性上的差异。这些结果表明，滞育功能增强了对干燥和饥饿的耐受性。这种对恶劣环境的多重耐受性可能有助于叶螨在冬季存活。
