Department of Horticulture and Genetics Program, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 1979 Mar;54(2):55-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00265469.
Fertilization and early embryo and endosperm development were examined in Phaseolus vulgaris x P. acutifolius, P. vulgaris x P. lunatus crosses and their reciprocals. The number and length of pollen tubes were not different between selfings and interspecific crosses. Fertilization was completed in all matings and the time of fertilization was maternally dependent which may reflect the degree of maturation of embryo sacs at pollination. A large difference between reciprocal crosses was found in the time of endosperm and embryo division in relation to the time of fertilization. When P. vulgaris was the female parent and P. acutifolius the male parent, endosperm division occurred at the same time as in P. vulgaris upon selfing, while in P. vulgaris x P. lunatus crosses the time of endosperm division was intermediate as compared with the two parents. The time lapse between fertilization and endosperm and embryo division in P. acutifolius x P. vulgaris crosses was longer than in either parent upon selfing. In P. lunatus x P. vulgaris crosses, endosperm division occurred in only 7-12% of the ovules at 72 hours after pollination. Embryo development in these ovules was limited to the four cell stage although the endosperm was at the free nuclei stage. The severe delay in embryo and endosperm divisions may be the major cause of early pod abscission in P. lunatus x P. vulgaris crosses.
在菜豆属内杂种（菜豆×刺山柑，菜豆×兵豆）及其正反交中，对受精和早期胚胎及胚乳发育进行了研究。自交和种间杂交的花粉管数目和长度没有差异。所有杂交均完成了受精，而受精时间依赖于母体，这可能反映了授粉时胚囊的成熟程度。在与受精时间的关系中，正反交之间胚乳和胚胎分裂的时间存在很大差异。当菜豆为母本，刺山柑为父本时，胚乳分裂与菜豆自交时相同，而在菜豆×兵豆杂交中，胚乳分裂时间与两个亲本之间的时间相比处于中间位置。在菜豆×刺山柑杂交中，受精后胚乳和胚胎分裂的时间间隔比自交中的任何一个亲本都要长。在兵豆×菜豆杂交中，授粉后 72 小时只有 7-12%的胚珠进行胚乳分裂。尽管胚乳处于游离核阶段，但这些胚珠中的胚胎发育仅局限于四细胞阶段。胚胎和胚乳分裂的严重延迟可能是兵豆×菜豆杂交中早期荚果脱落的主要原因。
